(Inqaku loMhleli: Eli nqaku, liguqulelwe kwi-ulinkmedia. )
Izivamvo ziye zafumaneka kuyo yonke indawo.Zazikho kwakudala ngaphambi kwe-Intanethi, kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo kwakudala ngaphambi kwe-Intanethi yeZinto (IoT).Izinzwa zangoku ezikrelekrele ziyafumaneka kwizicelo ezininzi kunanini na ngaphambili, imarike iyatshintsha, kwaye kukho abaqhubi abaninzi bokukhula.
Iimoto, iikhamera, ii-smartphones, kunye noomatshini befektri abaxhasa i-Intanethi Yezinto zezinye kwiimarike ezininzi zezicelo zezivamvo.
-
IiSensors kwi-Physical World ye-Intanethi
Ngokufika kwe-Intanethi yeZinto, i-digitization yokuvelisa (siyibiza ngokuba yi-Industry 4.0), kunye nemigudu yethu eqhubekayo yokuguqulwa kwedijithali kuwo onke amacandelo oqoqosho kunye noluntu, i-smart sensors isetyenziswa kumashishini ahlukeneyo kunye ne-market sensor. ukukhula ngokukhawuleza nangokukhawuleza.
Enyanisweni, ngandlela-thile, izinzwa ezihlakaniphile "zisisiseko" se-Intanethi yezinto.Kweli nqanaba lokuthunyelwa kwe-iot, abantu abaninzi basachaza i-iot ngokwezixhobo ze-iot.I-Intanethi yeZinto isoloko ijongwa njengenethiwekhi yezixhobo eziqhagamshelweyo, kubandakanywa iinzwa ezikrelekrele.Ezi zixhobo zinokubizwa ngokuba zizixhobo zokuva.
Ngoko ke zibandakanya obunye ubuchwephesha obufana nabenzi boluvo kunye nonxibelelwano olunokulinganisa izinto kwaye luguqule into abalulinganiselayo kwidatha enokuthi isetyenziswe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.Injongo kunye nomxholo wesicelo (umzekelo, yintoni iteknoloji yokudibanisa esetyenziswayo) inquma ukuba zeziphi izinzwa ezisetyenziswayo.
IiSensors kunye ne-Smart Sensors-Yintoni esegameni?
-
Iinkcazelo zeeSensors kunye ne-Smart sensors
Ii-Sensors kunye nezinye izixhobo ze-IoT ngumaleko wesiseko sesitaki sobuchwephesha be-IoT.Babamba idatha efunwa yizicelo zethu kwaye bayidlulisele kunxibelelwano oluphezulu, iinkqubo zeqonga.Njengoko sichaza kwintshayelelo yethu kwitekhnoloji ye-iot, "iprojekthi" ye-iot inokusebenzisa izinzwa ezininzi.Uhlobo kunye nenani leenzwa ezisetyenzisiweyo zixhomekeke kwiimfuno zeprojekthi kunye nobukrelekrele beprojekthi.Thatha i-oil rig ehlakaniphile: inokuba namashumi amawaka eenzwa.
-
Ingcaciso yeSensors
I-Sensors ngabaguquli, njengababizwa ngokuba zii-actuator.Izinzwa ziguqula amandla ukusuka kwenye indlela ukuya kwenye.Kwizinzwa ezihlakaniphile, oku kuthetha ukuba abenzi boluvo bayakwazi "ukuva" iimeko ngaphakathi nakwindawo ejikeleze izixhobo eziqhagamshelwe kuzo kunye nezinto ezibonakalayo abazisebenzisayo (amazwe kunye neendawo).
Iinzwa ziyakwazi ukubona kwaye zilinganise ezi parameters, iziganeko, okanye utshintsho kwaye zinxibelelane nazo kwiinkqubo ezikumgangatho ophezulu kunye nezinye izixhobo ezinokuthi zisebenzise idatha yokuguqulwa, ukuhlalutya, njalo njalo.
Isivamvo sisixhobo esibona, silinganisa, okanye sibonise nabuphi na ubungakanani bomzimba obuthile (njengokukhanya, ubushushu, intshukumo, ukufuma, uxinzelelo, okanye into efanayo) ngokuziguqulela kulo naluphi na olunye uhlobo (ikakhulu iipulse zombane) (ukusuka: kwiMarike eManyeneyo). Iziko loPhando).
Iiparamitha kunye neziganeko ezinokuthi "inzwa" kwaye zinxibelelane zibandakanya ubuninzi bomzimba njengokukhanya, isandi, uxinzelelo, ubushushu, ukungcangcazela, ukufuma, ubukho bekhemikhali ethile okanye igesi, ukunyakaza, ubukho bamasuntswana othuli, njl.
Ngokucacileyo, abenzi boluvo bayinxalenye ebalulekileyo ye-Intanethi yeZinto kwaye kufuneka zichaneke kakhulu kuba abenzi boluvo yindawo yokuqala yokufumana idatha.
Xa isivamvo siva kwaye sithumela ulwazi, i-activator iyasebenza kwaye iyasebenza.I-actuator ifumana umqondiso kwaye isete intshukumo efunekayo ukuze ithathe inyathelo kwindawo.Umfanekiso ongezantsi wenza ukuba ubonakale ngakumbi kwaye ubonisa ezinye zezinto esinokuthi "zizive".Iinzwa ze-IoT zihluke ngokuba zithatha iimodyuli ze-sensor okanye iibhodi zophuhliso (ngokuqhelekileyo zenzelwe iimeko ezithile zokusetyenziswa kunye nezicelo) njalo njalo.
-
Inkcazo yeSensom ehlakaniphile
Igama elithi "smart" lisetyenziswe namanye amagama amaninzi ngaphambi kokuba lisetyenziswe kwi-Intanethi yeZinto.Izakhiwo ezikrelekrele, ulawulo lwenkunkuma ngobuchule, amakhaya akrelekrele, iiglowubhu ezikrelekrele, izixeko ezikrelekrele, ukukhanya ezitalatweni ngobuchule, iiofisi ezikrelekrele, iifektri ezikrelekrele njalo njalo.Kwaye, ngokuqinisekileyo, izinzwa ezihlakaniphile.
Abenzi boluvo be-Smart bahluke kwi-sensors kuba abenzi boluvo abahlakaniphileyo ngamaqonga aphambili anetekhnoloji ye-onboard efana ne-microprocessors, ukugcinwa, uxilongo kunye nezixhobo zokunxibelelanisa eziguqula imiqondiso yengxelo yemveli ibe yinyani yedijithali (Deloitte)
Kwi-2009, i-International Frequency Sensors Association (IFSA) ihlolisise abantu abaninzi abavela kwi-academia kunye ne-industry ukuze bachaze i-smart sensor.Emva kokutshintshela kwiimpawu zedijithali kwiminyaka yee-1980 kunye nokongezwa kweteknoloji entsha kwiminyaka yee-1990, uninzi lwabenzi boluvo lunokubizwa ngokuba zii-smart sensors.
I-1990s nayo yabona ukuvela kwengcamango "yekhompyutheni egcweleyo", ethathwa njengento ebalulekileyo ekuphuhliseni i-Intanethi ye-Intanethi ye-Intanethi, ngakumbi njengenkqubela phambili yekhompyutha.Ebudeni be-1990 phakathi, uphuhliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-elektroniki yedijithali kunye nobuchwepheshe obungenazintambo kwiimodyuli ze-sensor zaqhubeka zikhula, kwaye ukuhanjiswa kwedatha ngesiseko sokuva kunye nokunye kubaluleke kakhulu.Namhlanje, oku kubonakala kwi-Intanethi yeZinto.Ngapha koko, abanye abantu bakhankanye uthungelwano lwenzwa ngaphambi kokuba i-Intanethi yeZinto ibekho.Ke, njengoko ubona, kuninzi okwenzekileyo kwi-smart sensor space ngo-2009.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-04-2021