Ngokusetyenziswa kwe-4G kunye ne-5G amanethiwekhi, i-2G kunye ne-3G umsebenzi ongaxhunyiwe kwi-intanethi kumazwe amaninzi kunye nemimandla yenza inkqubela phambili.Eli nqaku libonelela ngesishwankathelo se-2G kunye ne-3G iinkqubo ezingaxhunyiwe kwi-intanethi kwihlabathi jikelele.
Njengoko uthungelwano lwe-5G luqhubeka nokuthunyelwa kwihlabathi jikelele, i-2G kunye ne-3G iza ekupheleni.Ukunciphisa i-2G kunye ne-3G kuya kuba nefuthe kwi-iot deployments usebenzisa obu buchwepheshe.Apha, siza kuxubusha imiba ekufuneka amashishini anikele ingqalelo kuyo ngexesha lenkqubo ye-2G/3G engaxhunyiwe kwi-intanethi kunye neendlela zokuchasana.
Impembelelo ye-2G kunye ne-3G ngaphandle kwe-intanethi kuqhagamshelwano lwe-iot kunye nemilinganiselo yokuchasana
Njengoko i-4G kunye ne-5G zisetyenziswa kwihlabathi jikelele, umsebenzi we-2G kunye ne-3G ungaxhunyiwe kwi-intanethi kumazwe amaninzi kunye nemimandla yenza inkqubela phambili.Inkqubo yokuvala uthungelwano iyahluka ukusuka kwilizwe ukuya kwelinye ilizwe, mhlawumbi ngokwengqiqo yabalawuli bendawo ukukhulula izibonelelo ezixabisekileyo ze-spectrum, okanye ngokubona kwabaqhubi benethiwekhi yeselula ukuvala uthungelwano xa iinkonzo ezikhoyo zingathetheleli ukuqhubeka nokusebenza.
Uthungelwano lwe-2G, oluye lwafumaneka ngokurhweba ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-30, lubonelela ngeqonga elikhulu lokuthumela izisombululo ze-iot ezisemgangathweni kwinqanaba lesizwe kunye nehlabathi jikelele.Umjikelo wobomi obude bezisombululo ezininzi ze-iot, rhoqo ngaphezu kweminyaka eyi-10, kuthetha ukuba kusekho inani elikhulu lezixhobo ezinokusebenzisa kuphela iinethiwekhi ze-2G.Ngenxa yoko, amanyathelo kufuneka athathwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba izisombululo ze-iot ziqhubeka nokusebenza xa i-2G kunye ne-3G ingaxhunyiwe kwi-intanethi.
Ukunciphisa i-2G kunye ne-3G kuye kwaqaliswa okanye kwagqitywa kwamanye amazwe, njenge-US ne-Australia.Imihla iyahluka ngokubanzi kwenye indawo, ininzi yeYurophu imiselwe ukuphela kwe-2025. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, iinethiwekhi ze-2G kunye ne-3G ekugqibeleni ziya kuphuma kwiimarike ngokupheleleyo, ngoko le yingxaki engenakuphepheka.
Inkqubo yokukhutshwa kwe-2G / 3G iyahluka ukusuka kwindawo ukuya kwindawo, kuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zemarike nganye.Amazwe amaninzi kunye nemimandla ibhengeze izicwangciso ze-2G kunye ne-3G ngaphandle kweintanethi.Inani lothungelwano oluvaliweyo luya kuqhubeka ukwanda.Ngaphezulu kwe-55 2G kunye ne-3G iinethiwekhi ziqikelelwa ukuba zivaliwe phakathi kwe-2021 kunye ne-2025, ngokwedatha ye-GSMA Intelligence, kodwa ubuchwephesha obubini abuyi kukhutshwa ngexesha elifanayo.Kwezinye iimarike, i-2G ilindeleke ukuba iqhubeke isebenza iminyaka elishumi okanye ngaphezulu, njengoko iinkonzo ezithile ezifana neentlawulo zeselula e-Afrika kunye neenkqubo zokufowuna ngokukhawuleza kwesithuthi (eCall) kwezinye iimarike zixhomekeke kwiinethiwekhi ze-2G.Kule meko, iinethiwekhi ze-2G zinokuqhubeka nokusebenza ixesha elide.
I-3G iya kuyiyeka nini imarike?
Ukuphuma kothungelwano lwe-3G kucwangciswe iminyaka kwaye kucinywe kumazwe amaninzi.Ezi marike zifezekise ubukhulu becala kwi-4G jikelele kwaye ziphambi kwepakethe ekuhanjisweni kwe-5G, ngoko kunengqiqo ukuvala uthungelwano lwe-3G kunye nokubuyisela i-spectrum kwi-teknoloji yesizukulwana esilandelayo.
Kuze kube ngoku, iinethiwekhi ezininzi ze-3G zivaliwe eYurophu kune-2G, kunye nomqhubi omnye waseDenmark uvala inethiwekhi ye-3G kwi-2015. Ngokutsho kwe-GSMA Intelligence, inani labaqhubi be-19 kumazwe angama-14 aseYurophu baceba ukuvala amanethiwekhi abo e-3G ngo. I-2025, ngelixa abaqhubi abasibhozo kuphela kumazwe asibhozo baceba ukuvala amanethiwekhi abo e-2G ngaxeshanye.Inani lokuvalwa kwenethiwekhi liyakhula njengoko abathwali betyhila izicwangciso zabo.Ukuvalwa kwenethiwekhi ye-3G yaseYurophu Emva kokucwangcisa ngononophelo, uninzi lwabaqhubi baye babhengeza imihla yabo yokuvalwa kwe-3G.Indlela entsha evelayo eYurophu kukuba abanye abaqhubi bandisa ixesha elicwangcisiweyo le-2G.E-UK, umzekelo, ulwazi lwamva nje lubonisa ukuba umhla ocwangcisiweyo wokukhutshwa kwe-2025 uhlehlisiwe ngenxa yokuba urhulumente uye wabetha isivumelwano nabaqhubi beselula ukugcina amanethiwekhi e-2G asebenza kwiminyaka embalwa ezayo.
· Uthungelwano lwe-3G lwaseMelika luvaliwe
Ukuvalwa kwenethiwekhi ye-3G e-United States iqhubela phambili ngokusetyenziswa kwe-4G kunye ne-5G inethiwekhi, kunye nazo zonke iinqununu ezinkulu ezijolise ukugqiba ukukhutshwa kwe-3G ekupheleni kwe-2022. Kwiminyaka edlulileyo, ummandla waseMelika ugxininise kwi-2G yokunciphisa njengabathwali. ukhuphe i-5G.Abaqhubi basebenzisa i-spectrum ekhululwe ngokukhutshwa kwe-2G ukuhlangabezana nemfuno ye-4G kunye ne-5G inethiwekhi.
· Uthungelwano lwase-Asia lwe-2G luvala iinkqubo
Ababoneleli ngeenkonzo e-Asiya bagcina iinethiwekhi ze-3G ngelixa bevala iinethiwekhi ze-2G ukubuyisela i-spectrum kwiinethiwekhi ze-4G, ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kummandla.Ekupheleni kwe-2025, i-GSMA Intelligence ilindele ukuba abaqhubi be-29 bavale iinethiwekhi zabo ze-2G kunye ne-16 ukuvala amanethiwekhi abo e-3G.Ummandla kuphela e-Asia oye wavala i-2G (2017) kunye ne-3G (2018) inethiwekhi yiTaiwan.
E-Asiya, kukho izinto ezikhethekileyo: abaqhubi baqala ukuthoba i-3G ngaphambi kwe-2G.EMalaysia, umzekelo, bonke abaqhubi bavale iinethiwekhi zabo ze-3G phantsi kweliso likarhulumente.
E-Indonesia, ababini kwabathathu abaqhubi baye bavala amanethiwekhi abo e-3G kunye nezicwangciso zesithathu zokwenza njalo (okwangoku, akukho namnye kwaba bathathu abanezicwangciso zokuvala amanethiwekhi abo e-2G).
· I-Afrika iyaqhubeka ithembele kwiinethiwekhi ze-2G
E-Afrika, i-2G iphindwe kabini ubukhulu be-3G.Iifowuni ezifakiweyo zisajonga i-42% yetotali, kwaye iindleko zabo eziphantsi zikhuthaza abasebenzisi bokugqibela ukuba baqhubeke nokusebenzisa ezi zixhobo.Oku, kuye kwakhokelela ekungeneni okuphantsi kwe-smartphone, ngoko ke zimbalwa izicwangciso eziye zabhengezwa ukubuyisela umva i-Intanethi kulo mmandla.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-14-2022