Umhleli: Ulink Media
Kwisiqingatha sesibini sowama-2021, inkampani entsha yaseBritane iSpaceLacuna yaqala ukusebenzisa iteleskopu yerediyo eDwingeloo, eNetherlands, ukuze ibonise iLoRa isuka enyangeni. Olu yayiluvavanyo olumangalisayo ngokubhekiselele kumgangatho wokuthathwa kwedatha, njengoko enye yemiyalezo yayinefreyimu epheleleyo yeLoRaWAN®.
ILacuna Speed isebenzisa iseti yeesathelayithi ezijikeleza umhlaba ophantsi ukuze ifumane ulwazi oluvela kwiisensa ezidityaniswe nezixhobo zeLoRa zikaSemtech kunye netekhnoloji yerediyo esekwe emhlabeni. Le sathelayithi ijikeleza phezu kweepali zomhlaba rhoqo emva kwemizuzu eli-100 kubude beekhilomitha ezingama-500. Njengoko umhlaba ujikeleza, iisathelayithi zigubungela umhlaba. I-LoRaWAN isetyenziswa ziisathelayithi, ezigcina ubomi bebhetri, kwaye imiyalezo igcinwa ixesha elifutshane ide idlule kuthungelwano lwezikhululo zomhlaba. Idatha emva koko idluliselwa kwisicelo kwithungelwano lomhlaba okanye inokujongwa kwisicelo esisekwe kwiWebhu.
Ngeli xesha, isignali yeLoRa ethunyelwe yiLacuna Speed yahlala imizuzwana eyi-2.44 kwaye yafunyanwa yitshiphu efanayo, kunye nomgama wokusasazeka omalunga neekhilomitha ezingama-730,360, onokuba ngumgama omde wokudluliselwa komyalezo weLoRa ukuza kuthi ga ngoku.
Xa kufikwa kunxibelelwano lwesathelayithi nomhlaba olusekelwe kubuchwepheshe beLoRa, kwafikelelwa kwinqanaba elikhulu kwingqungquthela yeTTN (TheThings Network) ngoFebruwari 2018, nto leyo eyayibonisa ukuba iLoRa ingasetyenziswa kwi-intanethi yezinto zesathelayithi. Ngexesha lomboniso obukhoma, umamkeli wafumana imiqondiso yeLoRa kwisathelayithi ejikelezayo kancinci.
Namhlanje, ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-IoT obusebenzisa amandla aphantsi obukwibanga elide obufana neLoRa okanye i-NB-IoT ukubonelela ngonxibelelwano oluthe ngqo phakathi kwezixhobo ze-IoT kunye neesathelayithi ezijikeleza umhlaba wonke kunokuthathwa njengenxalenye yemarike ye-WAN enamandla aphantsi. Ezi teknoloji ziyindlela enomdla yokusetyenziswa de ixabiso lazo lorhwebo lamkelwe ngokubanzi.
I-Semtech iqalise i-LR-FHSS ukuzalisa umsantsa kwiMarike kwi-IoT Communications
USemtech ebesebenza kwi-LR-FHSS kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo kwaye ubhengeze ngokusesikweni ukongezwa kwenkxaso ye-LR-FHSS kwiqonga leLoRa ngasekupheleni kuka-2021.
I-LR-FHSS ibizwa ngokuba yiLongRange – Frequency Hopping SpreadSpectrum. NjengeLoRa, yiteknoloji yokuguqula umaleko obonakalayo enobuninzi bokusebenza okufanayo neLoRa, njengobuntununtunu, inkxaso yebandwidth, njl.
I-LR-FHSS ngokwethiyori inako ukuxhasa izigidi zee-end nodes, nto leyo enyusa kakhulu umthamo wenethiwekhi kwaye isombulule ingxaki yokuxinana kweziteshi ezazithintela ukukhula kweLoRaWAN ngaphambili. Ukongeza, i-LR-FHSS inamandla aphezulu okulwa nokuphazamiseka, inciphisa ukungqubana kweepakethi ngokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-spectral, kwaye inamandla okuguqula i-uplink frequency hopping.
Ngokudityaniswa kwe-LR-FHSS, i-LoRa ifanelekile ngakumbi kwizicelo ezinee-terminals ezixineneyo kunye neepakethi zedatha ezinkulu. Ke ngoko, inkqubo yesathelayithi ye-LoRa eneempawu ze-LR-FHSS ezidibeneyo ineenzuzo ezininzi:
1. Inokufikelela kumthamo wesiphelo ophindwe kalishumi kunowenethiwekhi yeLoRa.
2. Umgama wokudluliselwa kombane mde, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-600-1600km;
3. Ukuthintela ukuphazamiseka okunamandla;
4. Kuye kwafikelelwa kwiindleko eziphantsi, kuquka iindleko zolawulo kunye nezokusasazwa (akukho hardware eyongezelelweyo ekufuneka iphuhliswe kwaye kukho amandla ayo onxibelelwano lwesathelayithi afumanekayo).
Ii-transceivers ze-Semtech ze-LoRaSX1261, ii-transceivers ze-SX1262 kunye neeplatifomu ze-LoRaEdgeTM, kunye noyilo lwereferensi yesango le-V2.1, sele zixhaswa yi-lr-fhss. Ke ngoko, kwizicelo ezisebenzayo, ukuphuculwa kwesoftware kunye nokutshintshwa kwe-terminal ye-LoRa kunye nesango kunokuphucula kuqala amandla enethiwekhi kunye nokukwazi ukulwa nokuphazamiseka. Kwiinethiwekhi ze-LoRaWAN apho isango le-V2.1 lisetyenzisiwe, abaqhubi banokuvumela umsebenzi omtsha ngokuphucula i-firmware yesango elula.
I-LR edibeneyo - FHSS
I-LoRa Iyaqhubeka Nokwandisa Ipotifoliyo Yayo Yee-App
I-BergInsight, i-Internet of Things market research institute, ikhuphe ingxelo yophando malunga ne-satellite iot. Idatha ibonise ukuba nangona kukho impembelelo embi ye-COVID-19, inani labasebenzisi be-satellite iot kwihlabathi liphela lisakhula laya kwi-3.4 yezigidi ngo-2020. Abasebenzisi be-satellite iot kwihlabathi jikelele kulindeleke ukuba bakhule nge-cagR ye-35.8% kwiminyaka embalwa ezayo, bafikelele kwi-15.7 yezigidi ngo-2025.
Okwangoku, yi-10% kuphela yemimandla yehlabathi enokufikelela kwiinkonzo zonxibelelwano lwesathelayithi, nto leyo ebonelela ngendawo ebanzi yemarike yophuhliso lwesathelayithi iot kunye nethuba lesathelayithi iot enamandla aphantsi.
I-LR-FHSS iza kuqhuba ukusasazwa kweLoRa kwihlabathi liphela. Ukongezwa kweNKXASO yeLR-FHSS kwiqonga leLoRa akuyi kunceda nje kuphela ukuba ibonelele ngonxibelelwano olungabizi kakhulu nolufumaneka kwiindawo ezikude, kodwa kuya kuphawula inyathelo elibalulekileyo ekuhanjisweni kwe-iot enkulu kwiindawo ezinabantu abaninzi. Iya kukhuthaza ukusasazwa kweLoRa kwihlabathi liphela kwaye yandise usetyenziso olutsha:
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Inkxaso kwiinkonzo zeSatellite Iot
I-LR-FHSS ivumela iisathelayithi ukuba ziqhagamshelane neendawo ezinkulu ezikude zehlabathi, ixhasa iimfuno zokubeka kunye nokudluliselwa kwedatha kwiindawo ezingenayo inethiwekhi. Amatyala okusetyenziswa kweLoRa aquka ukulandelela izilwanyana zasendle, ukufumana izikhongozeli kwiinqanawa elwandle, ukufumana imfuyo emadlelweni, izisombululo zezolimo ezikrelekrele zokuphucula isivuno sezityalo, kunye nokulandelela iiasethi zokusasazwa kwehlabathi ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwekhonkco lokubonelela.
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Inkxaso yoTshintshiselwano lweDatha oluQhelekileyo
Kwizicelo zangaphambili zeLoRa, ezifana nokulandelela izinto kunye neeasethi, izakhiwo kunye neepaki ezikrelekrele, amakhaya akrelekrele, kunye noluntu olukrelekrele, inani lee-semaphores ezilungisiweyo zeLoRa emoyeni liya kwanda kakhulu ngenxa yezibonakaliso ezinde kunye nokutshintshwa rhoqo kwezibonakaliso kwezi zicelo. Ingxaki yokuxinana kweziteshi ezibangelwa kuphuhliso lweLoRaWAN ingasombululwa ngokuphucula iiterminal zeLoRa kunye nokutshintsha iingcango.
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Phucula Ubunzulu Bendlu
Ukongeza ekwandiseni umthamo wenethiwekhi, i-LR-FHSS ivumela ii-node ezinzulu zangaphakathi ngaphakathi kwesiseko senethiwekhi esifanayo, oko kwandisa ukwandiswa kweeprojekthi ezinkulu ze-iot. I-LoRa, umzekelo, yiteknoloji ekhethwayo kwimarike yehlabathi ye-smart meter, kwaye ukugubungela okuphuculweyo kwangaphakathi kuya kuyiqinisa ngakumbi indawo yayo.
Abadlali abaninzi ngakumbi kwi-Intanethi yezinto zeSatellite enamandla aphantsi
Iiprojekthi zeSatellite zeLoRa zaphesheya ziyaqhubeka nokuvela
UMcKinsey uqikelele ukuba i-iot esekelwe esibhakabhakeni inokuba nexabiso le-$560 billion ukuya kwi-$850 billion ngo-2025, mhlawumbi yiyo esona sizathu sokuba iinkampani ezininzi zileqe imakethi. Okwangoku, phantse abavelisi abaninzi bacebise izicwangciso zokunxibelelana nge-satellite iot.
Ngokwembono yemarike yaphesheya, i-satellite iot yindawo ebalulekileyo yokuvelisa izinto ezintsha kwimarike ye-iot. I-LoRa, njengenxalenye ye-intanethi yezinto zesathelayithi enamandla aphantsi, ibone inani lezicelo kwiimarike zaphesheya:
Ngowama-2019, iSpace Lacuna kunye neMiromico zaqala uvavanyo lwezorhwebo lweprojekthi ye-LoRa Satellite iot, eyasetyenziswa ngempumelelo kwezolimo, ukujonga okusingqongileyo okanye ukulandelwa kwempahla kunyaka olandelayo. Ngokusebenzisa iLoRaWAN, izixhobo ze-iot ezisebenza ngebhetri zinokwandisa ubomi bazo benkonzo kwaye zonge iindleko zokusebenza kunye nokugcinwa.
I-IRNAS isebenzisana ne-Space Lacuna ukuphonononga iindlela ezintsha zokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-LoRaWAN, kuquka ukulandelela izilwanyana zasendle e-Antarctica kunye nee-buoys ezisebenzisa inethiwekhi ye-LoRaWAN ukuze zithumele iinethiwekhi ezininzi zeenzwa kwindawo yoLwandle ukuxhasa usetyenziso lwe-mooring kunye ne-rafting.
I-Swarm (efunyenwe yiSpace X) idibanise izixhobo zeLoRa zeSemtech kwizisombululo zayo zokunxibelelana ukuze kuvunyelwe unxibelelwano oluphakathi kwesathelayithi ezijikeleza umhlaba ophantsi. Ivule iimeko ezintsha zokusetyenziswa kwe-Intanethi yezinto (IoT) kwiSwarm kwiindawo ezifana nezothutho, ezolimo, iimoto ezidibeneyo kunye namandla.
I-Inmarsat isebenzisana ne-Actility ukwenza inethiwekhi ye-Inmarsat LoRaWAN, iqonga elisekelwe kwinethiwekhi ye-Inmarsat ELERA backbone eya kubonelela ngezisombululo ezininzi kubathengi be-iot kumacandelo aquka ezolimo, umbane, ioyile negesi, ukumbiwa kwemigodi kunye nothutho.
Ekugqibeleni
Kuyo yonke imakethi yaphesheya, akukho zicelo zininzi ezivuthiweyo zale projekthi kuphela. I-Omnispace, i-EchoStarMobile, i-Lunark kunye nezinye ezininzi zizama ukusebenzisa inethiwekhi yeLoRaWAN ukubonelela ngeenkonzo ze-iot ngexabiso eliphantsi, ngomthamo omkhulu kunye nokugubungela ngokubanzi.
Nangona itekhnoloji yeLoRa ingasetyenziselwa ukuvala izikhewu kwiindawo zasemaphandleni nakwiilwandle ezingenayo i-intanethi yendabuko, yindlela entle yokujongana "ne-intanethi yayo yonke into."
Nangona kunjalo, ngokwembono yemarike yasekhaya, uphuhliso lweLoRa kweli candelo lusesemncinci. Xa kuthelekiswa naphesheya, ijongene nobunzima obungaphezulu: kwicala lemfuno, ukugubungela inethiwekhi ye-inmarsat sele kulungile kakhulu kwaye idatha inokudluliselwa kuzo zombini iindlela, ngoko ayinamandla; Ngokwendlela esetyenziswa ngayo, iTshayina isancinci, ikakhulu igxile kwiiprojekthi zeekhonteyina. Ngenxa yezizathu ezingasentla, kunzima kumashishini e-satellite asekhaya ukukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwe-LR-FHSS. Ngokwendlela esetyenziswa ngayo imali, iiprojekthi zolu hlobo zixhomekeke kakhulu kwingeniso yemali ngenxa yokungaqiniseki okukhulu, iiprojekthi ezinkulu okanye ezincinci kunye nemijikelo emide.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Epreli-18-2022