[Ukuya ku-B okanye hayi ukuya ku-B, lo ngumbuzo.-- uShakespeare]
Kwi-1991, u-MIT uNjingalwazi uKevin Ashton waqala ukuphakamisa ingcamango ye-Intanethi yezinto.
Ngo-1994, indlu ekrelekrele kaBill Gates yagqitywa, ukwazisa izixhobo zokukhanyisa ezikrelekrele kunye nenkqubo ekrelekrele yokulawula ubushushu okokuqala.Izixhobo ezikrelekrele kunye neenkqubo ziqala ukungena emehlweni abantu abaqhelekileyo.
Kwi-1999, i-MIT yaseka "iZiko lokuchongwa ngokuzenzekelayo", elicetywayo ukuba "yonke into inokudityaniswa ngenethiwekhi", kwaye icacise intsingiselo esisiseko ye-Intanethi yezinto.
Ngo-Agasti ka-2009, iNkulumbuso u-Wen Jiabao yabeka phambili “i-Sensing China”, i-iot yafakwa ngokusemthethweni kuluhlu lwemizi-mveliso emihlanu yelizwe esahlumayo, ebhalwe “kwingxelo yomsebenzi kaRhulumente”, iot itsale umdla omkhulu kuluntu lonke lwase-China.
Emva koko, intengiso ayisapheleli kumakhadi ahlakaniphileyo kunye neemitha zamanzi, kodwa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, iimveliso ze-iot ukusuka ngasemva ukuya ngaphambili, emehlweni abantu.
Ngexesha le-30 leminyaka yophuhliso lwe-Intanethi yeZinto, imarike ifumene utshintsho oluninzi kunye nezinto ezintsha.Umbhali udibanise imbali yophuhliso lwe-To C kunye ne-B, kwaye wazama ukujonga ixesha elidlulileyo ngokwembono yangoku, ukuze ucinge ngekamva le-Intanethi yezinto, iya kuhamba phi?
Ku-C: Iimveliso ezintsha zitsala umdla woluntu
Kwiminyaka yokuqala, izinto zasekhaya ezihlakaniphile, eziqhutywa ngumgaqo-nkqubo, zixutywe njengama-mushroom.Ngokukhawuleza ukuba ezi mveliso zabathengi, njengezithethi ezihlakaniphile, i-bracelets ezihlakaniphile kunye neerobhothi ezitshayelayo, ziphuma, ziyaziwayo.
· Isithethi esihlakaniphile sichitha ingqiqo yesithethi sasekhaya, esinokuqhagamshelwa ngenethiwekhi engenazintambo, sidibanise imisebenzi efana nolawulo lwefenitshala kunye nolawulo lwamagumbi amaninzi, kwaye izise abasebenzisi amava okuzonwabisa amatsha.Izithethi ezihlakaniphile zibonwa njengebhulorho yokunxibelelana nayo iimveliso ezihlakaniphile, kwaye kulindeleke ukuba zixatyiswe kakhulu ngamanani eenkampani ezinkulu zeteknoloji ezifana neBaidu, Tmall kunye ne-Amazon.
· I-Xiaomi i-bracelet ehlakaniphile emva komdali, i-R & D kunye nokuveliswa kweqela le-teknoloji ye-Huami uqikelelo olunethemba, i-Xiaomi band generation ithengisa kakhulu i-1 yezigidi zeeyunithi, iziphumo ezingaphantsi konyaka kwimarike, ihlabathi lithengise iiyunithi ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezili-10;Ibhendi yesizukulwana sesibini ithumele iiyunithi ezizigidi ezingama-32, ibeka irekhodi yehardware yaseTshayina.
· Umgangatho werobhothi yokumba: wanelisekile yingcinga yabantu ngokwaneleyo, hlala esofeni ukuze ukwazi ukugqiba umsebenzi wasekhaya.Kuba oku kwadala isibizo esitsha kraca "uqoqosho oluvilaphayo", lunokugcina ixesha lomsebenzi wendlu kumsebenzisi, ngokukhawuleza nje ukuba luphume luthandwa ngabaninzi abathanda imveliso ekrelekrele.
Isizathu sokuba kutheni iimveliso ze-To C kulula ukugqabhuka kwiminyaka yokuqala kukuba iimveliso ezikrelekrele ngokwazo zinefuthe le-hotspot.Abasebenzisi abanamashumi eminyaka yefenitshala endala, xa bebona irobhothi etshayelayo, iiwotshi zesongo esikrelekrele, izithethi ezikrelekrele kunye nezinye iimveliso, ziya kuba phantsi komdla wokufuna ukwazi ukuthenga ezi mpahla zinefashoni, ngaxeshanye kunye nokuvela kweqonga lentlalontle (i-WeChat isangqa sabahlobo. , weibo, indawo ye-QQ, i-zhihu, njl.) iya kuba yimpawu ze-amplifier, iimveliso ezihlakaniphile kwaye zisasazeke ngokukhawuleza.Abantu banethemba lokuphucula umgangatho wobomi ngeemveliso ezihlakaniphile.Akunjalo kuphela abavelisi abanyuse ukuthengisa kwabo, kodwa abantu abaninzi ngakumbi baye baqala ukunikela ingqalelo kwi-Intanethi yezinto.
Kwikhaya elikrelekrele kumbono wabantu, i-Intanethi iphuhla ngokuguquguqukayo, inkqubo yophuhliso ivelise isixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yi-user portrait, ibe yeyona nto iqhubayo kuqhushumbo oluqhubekayo lwekhaya elihlakaniphile.Ngolawulo oluchanekileyo lwabasebenzisi, cima iintlungu zabo, i-smart home iteration endala ngaphandle kwemisebenzi emininzi, ibhetshi entsha yeemveliso nazo zivela ngokungapheliyo, intengiso iyachuma, inika abantu iphupha elihle.
Nangona kunjalo, kwimarike eshushu, abanye abantu babona iimpawu.Ngokubanzi, abasebenzisi beemveliso ezihlakaniphile, imfuno yabo ilula kakhulu kunye nexabiso elamkelekileyo.Xa uncedo lusonjululwe, abavelisi ngokuqinisekileyo baya kuqalisa ukunciphisa ixabiso lemveliso, ukuze abantu abaninzi babe nokwamkela ixabiso leemveliso ezikrelekrele, ukuze bafune imarike engakumbi.Njengoko amaxabiso emveliso ehla, ukukhula komsebenzisi kufikelela kwimida.Kukho kuphela inani eliqingqiweyo labasebenzisi abakulungeleyo ukusebenzisa iimveliso ezikrelekrele, kwaye abantu abaninzi babambe isimo sengqondo sokugcina malunga neemveliso ezikrelekrele.Abayi kuba ngabasebenzisi beemveliso ze-Intanethi zeZinto ngexesha elifutshane.Ngenxa yoko, ukukhula kwemarike ngokuthe ngcembe kubambeke kwibhotile.
Enye yezona mpawu zibonakalayo zentengiso yasekhaya ehlakaniphile kukutshixa iingcango ezihlakaniphile.Kwiminyaka yokuqala, isitshixo socango senzelwe iB end.Ngelo xesha, ixabiso laliphezulu kwaye lalisetyenziswa kakhulu ngamahotele aphezulu.Kamva, emva kokuthandwa kwe-smart home, i-market ye-C-terminal yaqala ukuphuhliswa ngokuthe ngcembe ngokunyuka kokuthunyelwa, kwaye ixabiso lemarike ye-C-terminal yehla kakhulu.Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba nangona imakethi ye-C-terminal ishushu, eyona mpahla inkulu yezo zitshixo zocango ezikwisiphelo esisezantsi, kwaye abathengi, ubukhulu becala kubaphathi beehotele ezikumgangatho ophantsi kunye nabaphathi bezindlu zokulala zabantu, injongo yokusebenzisa izitshixo zamacango ahlakaniphile ukuququzelela ulawulo.Ngenxa yoko, abavelisi "babuyele elizwini labo", kwaye baqhubeke belima ngokunzulu kwihotele, indawo yokuhlala kunye nezinye iimeko zesicelo.Thengisa i-smart door lock kwi-hotel homestays operators, unokuthengisa amawaka eemveliso ngexesha elinye, nangona inzuzo iyancipha, kodwa inciphisa iindleko ezininzi zokuthengisa.
Ku-B: IoT ivula isiqingatha sesibini sokhuphiswano
Ngokufika kobhubhane, ihlabathi lenze utshintsho olukhulu olungazange lubonwe kwinkulungwane.Njengoko abathengi baqinisa izikhwama zabo kwaye bangabi namdla wokuchitha kwi-economic eguquguqukayo, i-Intanethi yezinto ezinkulu zijika kwi-B-terminal ukukhangela ukukhula kwengeniso.
Nangona, abathengi be-B-end bakwimfuno kwaye bazimisele ukuchitha imali ukunciphisa iindleko kunye nokunyusa ukusebenza kakuhle kweshishini.Nangona kunjalo, abathengi be-B-terminal bahlala beneemfuno ezicandekileyo, kwaye amashishini ahlukeneyo kunye namashishini aneemfuno ezahlukeneyo zobukrelekrele, ngoko ke kufuneka kuhlalutywe iingxaki ezithile.Ngelo xesha, umjikelezo wobunjineli weprojekthi ye-B-end idla ixesha elide, kwaye iinkcukacha zinzima kakhulu, isicelo sobugcisa sinzima, ukuthunyelwa kunye neendleko zokuphucula ziphezulu, kwaye umjikelezo wokubuyisela iprojekthi ubude.Kukwakho nemiba yokhuseleko lwedatha kunye nemiba yabucala ukujongana nayo, kwaye ukufumana iprojekthi ye-B-side akukho lula.
Nangona kunjalo, icala le-B leshishini linengeniso kakhulu, kwaye inkampani encinci yesisombululo se-iot enabathengi abambalwa abalungileyo becala le-B inokwenza ingeniso ezinzileyo kwaye isinde kubhubhane kunye nesiphithiphithi sezoqoqosho.Ngexesha elifanayo, njengoko i-Intanethi ikhula, italente eninzi kwishishini igxile kwimveliso ye-SaaS, eyenza abantu baqale ukunikela ingqalelo ngakumbi kwi-B-side.Ngenxa yokuba i-SaaS yenza ukuba kwenzeke ukuba icala le-B liphinde liphindwe, likwabonelela ngokuqhubekayo kwinzuzo eyongezelelweyo (ukuqhuba ukwenza imali kwiinkonzo ezilandelayo).
Ngokuphathelele kwimarike, ubungakanani bemakethi ye-SaaS bufikelele kwi-27.8 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan ngo-2020, ukonyuka kwama-43% xa kuthelekiswa nowama-2019, kwaye ubungakanani bentengiso yePaaS budlule kwi-10 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan, ukonyuka nge-145% xa kuthelekiswa nexesha elifanayo kulo nyaka uphelileyo.I-database, i-middleware kunye ne-micro-services zanda ngokukhawuleza.Isantya esinjalo, sitsala umdla wabantu.
Kwi-ToB (i-Intanethi ye-Industrial yeZinto), abasebenzisi abaphambili baninzi iiyunithi zoshishino, kwaye iimfuno eziphambili ze-AIoT zithembeke kakhulu, ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokhuseleko.Imeko yesicelo ibandakanya ukuveliswa okukrelekrele, unyango olukrelekrele, ukubekwa esweni okukrelekrele, ukugcinwa okukrelekrele, ukuthuthwa okukrelekrele kunye nokupaka, kunye nokuqhuba ngokuzenzekelayo.Ezi nkalo zineengxaki ezahlukeneyo, akukho mgangatho onokusonjululwa, kwaye kufuneka ube namava, uqonde ishishini, uqonde isoftware kwaye uqonde ukusetyenziswa kwentatho-nxaxheba yobuchwephesha, ukuze kuphunyezwe inguqu yokuqala yobukrelekrele boshishino.Ngoko ke, kunzima ukunyusa.Ngokubanzi, iimveliso ze-iot zifaneleke ngakumbi kumasimi aneemfuno eziphezulu zokhuseleko (ezifana nokuveliswa kwemigodi yamalahle), ukuchaneka okuphezulu kwemveliso (njengemveliso ephezulu kunye nonyango lwezonyango), kunye neqondo eliphezulu lomgangatho wemveliso (ezifana namacandelo, imihla ngemihla. imichiza kunye neminye imigangatho).Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, i-B-terminal ithe ngokuthe ngcembe yaqala ukubekwa kula macandelo.
Ukuya ku-C→Ukuya ku-B: Kutheni kukho utshintsho olunje
Kutheni kukho utshintsho ukusuka kwi-C-terminal ukuya kwi-B-terminal ye-Intanethi yeZinto?Umbhali ushwankathela ezi zizathu zilandelayo:
1. Ukukhula kugcwele kwaye akukho basebenzisi baneleyo.Abavelisi be-Iot banqwenela ukufuna ijika lesibini lokukhula.
Kwiminyaka elishumi elinesine kamva, i-Intanethi yeZinto iyaziwa ngabantu, kwaye iinkampani ezininzi ezinkulu ziye zavela eTshayina.Kukho uXiaomi oselula, kukwakho notshintsho oluthe ngcembe lwenkokeli yefenitshala yemveli uHalemy, kukho uphuhliso lwekhamera evela eHaikang Dahua, kukwakho nakwindawo yemodyuli ukuze ibe yeyokuqala ukuthunyelwa kweYuanyucom kwihlabathi… Kuzo zombini iifektri ezinkulu nezincinci, uphuhliso lwe-Intanethi yeZinto ludodobalisa ngenxa yenani elilinganiselweyo labasebenzisi.
Kodwa ukuba uqubha ngokuchasene nomsinga, uya kubuya umva.Kuyafana nakwiinkampani ezifuna ukukhula rhoqo ukuze ziphile kwiimarike ezinzima.Ngenxa yoko, abavelisi baqala ukwandisa ijika lesibini.Millet ukwakha imoto, ekubeni wathi wanyanzelwa engenakuzinceda;I-Haikang Dahua, kwingxelo yonyaka iya kutshintsha ngokuthula ishishini kwizinto ezinengqondo kumashishini;IHuawei ithintelwe yi-United States kwaye iguqukela kwintengiso ye-B-end.I-legion esekiweyo kunye ne-Huawei Cloud ziindawo zokungena zabo zokungena kwi-Intanethi yezinto zentengiso nge-5G.Njengoko iinkampani ezinkulu zithontelana ukuya ku-B, kufuneka zifumane indawo yokukhula.
2. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-C terminal, iindleko zemfundo ze-terminal B ziphantsi.
Umsebenzisi ngumntu onzima, nge-portrait yomsebenzisi, unokuchaza inxalenye yokuziphatha kwayo, kodwa akukho mthetho wokuqeqesha umsebenzisi.Ngoko ke, akunakwenzeka ukufundisa abasebenzisi, kwaye iindleko zenkqubo yemfundo zinzima ukubala.
Nangona kunjalo, kumashishini, abenzi bezigqibo ngabaphathi benkampani, kwaye abaphathi ubukhulu becala ngabantu.Xa besiva ubulumko, amehlo abo ayavuya.Bafuna kuphela ukubala iindleko kunye neenzuzo, kwaye baya ngokuzenzekelayo baqalise ukukhangela izisombululo zenguqu ezikrelekrele.Ngokukodwa kule minyaka mibini, indawo engqongileyo ayilungile, ayikwazi ukuvula umthombo, inokunciphisa inkcitho kuphela.Kwaye yiloo nto i-Intanethi yezinto ezilungileyo kuyo.
Ngokutsho kwezinye iinkcukacha eziqokelelwe ngumbhali, ukwakhiwa kwefektri ekrelekrele kunokunciphisa iindleko zabasebenzi beworkshop yemveli ngama-90%, kodwa kunciphise kakhulu umngcipheko wemveliso, ukunciphisa ukungaqiniseki okuziswa yimpazamo yomntu.Ke ngoko, umphathi onemali esecaleni esandleni, sele eqalisile ukuzama inguquko yobukrelekrele enexabiso eliphantsi kancinci kancinci, ezama ukusebenzisa indlela ye-semi-automatic kunye ne-semi-artificial, kancinci kancinci.Namhlanje, siza kusebenzisa iithegi ze-elektroniki kunye ne-RFID yeyadi kunye nempahla.Ngomso, siya kuthenga iimoto ezininzi ze-AGV ukusombulula ingxaki yokuphatha.Njengoko i-automation isanda, i-B-end market iyavula.
3. Ukuphuhliswa kwamafu kuzisa amathuba amatsha kwi-Intanethi yezinto.
U-Ali Cloud, owokuqala ukungena kwimarike yelifu, ngoku unikezele ngelifu ledatha kumashishini amaninzi.Ukongeza kwi-server yefu ephambili, i-Ali cloud iye yaphuhlisa phezulu kunye nezantsi.I-trademark yegama lesizinda, uhlalutyo lokugcinwa kwedatha, ukhuseleko lwamafu kunye nobukrelekrele bokwenziwa, kunye neskimu soguqulo olukrelekrele, inokufumaneka kwizisombululo ezivuthiweyo ze-Ali Cloud.Kunokuthiwa iminyaka yokuqala yokulima, ngokuthe ngcembe iqalise ukuba nesivuno, kwaye inzuzo yonyaka edizwe kwingxelo yayo yezemali ilungile, ngowona mvuzo ulungileyo wokulinywa kwayo.
Imveliso ephambili yeTencent Cloud yintlalontle.Ithatha inani elikhulu lezixhobo zomthengi ze-B-terminal ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo ezincinci, i-wechat pay, i-wechat yeshishini kunye nezinye izinto eziphilayo ze-peripheral.Ngokusekwe koku, ihlala inzulu kwaye idibanisa indawo yayo ebalaseleyo kwibala lentlalontle.
I-Huawei Cloud, njenge-latecomer, inokuba linyathelo emva kwezinye izigebenga.Xa ingena kwimarike, iingxilimbela zazisele zigcwele, ngoko iHuawei Cloud ekuqaleni kwesabelo semarike, ibuhlungu.Nangona kunjalo, inokubonwa kuphuhliso kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ilifu likaHuawei lisekwindawo yokuvelisa ukulwa nesabelo semarike.Isizathu kukuba iHuawei yinkampani yokuvelisa kwaye inovelwano kakhulu kubunzima kwishishini lokuvelisa imveliso, eyenza iHuawei Cloud ikwazi ukucombulula ngokukhawuleza iingxaki zeshishini kunye neentlungu.Bubuchule obusenza iHuawei Cloud ibe yenye yamafu amahlanu aphezulu emhlabeni.
Ngokukhula kwe-computing yefu, ii-giants ziye zaqaphela ukubaluleka kwedatha.Ilifu, njengomphathi wedatha, liye laba yinto ephikisanayo kwiifektri ezinkulu.
Ku-B: Iya phi imakethi?
Ngaba kukho ikamva le-B end?Lo isenokuba ngumbuzo osezingqondweni zabafundi abaninzi abafunda oku.Kulo mba, ngokutsho kuphando kunye noqikelelo lwamaziko ahlukeneyo, izinga lokungena kwe-B-terminal Internet yezinto lisephantsi kakhulu, ngokumalunga noluhlu lwe-10% -30%, kwaye uphuhliso lwemarike lusenendawo enkulu yokungena.
Ndinamacebiso ambalwa okungena kwi-B-end market.Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukukhetha indawo efanelekileyo.Amashishini kufuneka athathele ingqalelo isangqa samandla apho ishishini lawo langoku likhona, ngokuqhubekayo ecokisa amashishini awo aphambili, abonelele ngezisombululo ezincinci kodwa ezintle, kwaye asombulule iimfuno zabathengi abathile.Ngokuqokelelwa kweenkqubo, ishishini linokuba ngumjelo walo ogqwesileyo emva kokuvuthwa.Okwesibini, kwishishini le-B-end, italente ibaluleke kakhulu.Abantu abanokusombulula iingxaki kunye nokuhambisa iziphumo baya kuzisa amathuba amaninzi kwinkampani.Okokugqibela, uninzi lweshishini elikwicala le-B ayisiyonto yokudubula enye.Iinkonzo kunye nokuphuculwa kunokubonelelwa emva kokuba iprojekthi igqityiwe, nto leyo ethetha ukuba kukho ingeniso ethe gqolo ekufuneka yombiwe.
Ukuqukumbela
Imakethi ye-Intanethi yeZinto iphuhlisa iminyaka engama-30.Kwiminyaka yokuqala, i-Intanethi yeZinto yayisetyenziswa kuphela ekupheleni kwe-B.I-NB-IOT, imitha yamanzi ye-LoRa kunye ne-RFID smart card zibonelele ngokulula kakhulu kumsebenzi weziseko ezingundoqo ezifana nokubonelela ngamanzi.Nangona kunjalo, umoya weempahla zabathengi ezihlakaniphile uvuthuza ngamandla kakhulu, ukuze i-Intanethi yeZinto itsale ingqalelo yoluntu kwaye ibe yimpahla yabathengi efunwa ngabantu ixesha elithile.Ngoku, i-tuyere ihambile, i-C ekupheleni kweemarike yaqala ukubonisa i-trend of malaise, amashishini amakhulu esiprofeto aqalise ukulungelelanisa isaphetha, ukuya kwi-B ekupheleni kwakhona, enethemba lokufumana inzuzo engakumbi.
Kwiinyanga zamva nje, iZiko loPhando lweMaphu ye-AIoT yeNkwenkwezi yenze uphando oluthe kratya kunye nolunzulu kunye nohlalutyo kwishishini lempahla yabathengi abakrelekrele, kwaye ibeke phambili umbono "wokuphila ngobukrelekrele".
Kutheni le nto kuhlalwa abantu abakrelekrele, kunokuba likhaya lobukrelekrele bemveli?Emva kwenani elikhulu lodliwano-ndlebe kunye nophando, abahlalutyi beemephu zeenkwenkwezi ze-AIoT bafumanisa ukuba emva kokubekwa kweemveliso ezihlakaniphileyo, umda phakathi kwe-C-terminal kunye ne-B-terminal uye waphazamiseka ngokuthe ngcembe, kwaye iimveliso ezininzi zabathengi ezihlakaniphile zadityaniswa kwaye zathengiswa kwi-B-terminal. , ukwenza isikimu esijolise kwimeko.Ke, ngokuhlaliswa kwabantu okukrelekrele lo mboniso uya kuchaza imarike yasekhaya ekrelekrele yanamhlanje, ichaneke ngakumbi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-11-2022