Kutheni iNkqubo ye-PV yeBalcony ifuna i-OWON WiFi Smart Meter?

I-PV yebhalkhoni(Photovoltaics) ngequbuliso yafumana udumo olukhulu ngo-2024-2025, ifuna kakhulu imarike eYurophu. Iguqula “iiphaneli ezimbini + i-microinverter enye + intambo yombane enye” ibe “yiplanti yamandla encinci” ekwaziyo ukuxhuma nokudlala, kwanakubahlali abaqhelekileyo beeflethi.

1. Ixhala loMthetho waMandla wabemi baseYurophu

Ixabiso eliqhelekileyo lombane wasekhaya we-EU ngo-2023 yayiyi-0.28 €/kWh, kwaye amazinga aphezulu eJamani anyuke ngaphezu kwe-0.4 €/kWh. Abemi beeflethi, abangenazo iindlela zokufikelela eluphahleni lweephaneli zelanga zemveli, babenokunyamezela iindleko zombane eziphezulu zenyanga kuphela ngaphandle kwendlela efanelekileyo yokonga imali. Imodyuli yebalcony ye-400 Wp inokuvelisa malunga ne-460 kWh ngonyaka eMunich. Ibalwa ngexabiso elilinganiselweyo le-0.35 €/kWh, oku konga malunga ne-160 € ngonyaka, okunokuthi kuzihlawulele kwiminyaka emithathu kuphela - isiphakamiso esinomtsalane kakhulu kubahlali beeflethi.

Ngowama-2023-2024, ngaphezu kwama-30 kwi-56 ii-reactor zenyukliya zaseFransi zavalwa ngenxa yokugqwala okanye ukugcwalisa amafutha, nto leyo eyabangela ukuba amandla enyukliya ehle ngaphantsi kwe-25 GW ngamanye amaxesha, ngaphantsi kakhulu kwamandla alinganisiweyo e-55 GW, nto leyo eyanyusa ngokuthe ngqo amaxabiso ombane ongekhoyo eYurophu. Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuFebruwari 2024, isantya somoya esiqhelekileyo kwiNorth Sea sasingaphantsi nge-15% kunesiqhelo kwixesha elifanayo, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekwehleni okumalunga nama-20% ngonyaka kwimveliso yamandla omoya aseNordic. Amanani okusetyenziswa kwamandla omoya eDenmark naseMantla Jamani ehle ngaphantsi kwama-30%, kunye namaxabiso emarike ongekhoyo ahlala efumana amaxabiso amabi ngaphambi kokuba atsibe ngaphezulu kwe-0.6 €/kWh. Ingxelo ye-European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity (ENTSO-E) 2024 ibonise ukuba ubudala bokusebenza obuqhelekileyo be-220 kV substations kumazwe afana neJamani neFrance budlula iminyaka engama-35. Ukuncipha kokufumaneka kwezixhobo kukhokelela kwiingxaki zothumelo lwezixhobo zasekuhlaleni, nto leyo ebangela ukuba amaxabiso atshintsha-tshintshayo afikelele kwi-2.3 ngokuphindwe kabini kunangowama-2020. Oku kwenza iindleko zombane kubemi baseYurophu zifane nokuhamba ngesantya esiphezulu.

2. Ukuhla kweendleko zezixhobo ezintsha zamandla kuqhuba i-PV kunye nokugcinwa kwayo emakhaya

Kwiminyaka emithathu edlulileyo, iindleko zeemodyuli ze-PV, ii-microinverters, kunye neebhetri zokugcina ziye zehla ngokudibeneyo ngaphezulu kwama-40%. Ixabiso leemodyuli ezincinci ezipakishwe ngaphantsi kwe-800 Wp lisondele kumanqanaba eemveliso. Okwangoku, izisombululo zoqhagamshelo lwe-plug-and-play ziye zenza lula kakhulu inkqubo yokufakela, zinciphisa kakhulu iindleko zokusasazwa kwenkqubo kwaye zikhuthaza ngokukhawuleza ukusetyenziswa okukhulu kwe-balcony PV kunye neenkqubo zokugcina amandla.

3. Umgaqo-nkqubo kunye noLawulo: Ukusuka ekwamkeleni ngokungacwangciswanga ukuya ekukhuthazweni

• UMthetho wamandla aHlaziyiweyo waseJamani (i-EEG 2023) ubeka ngokusesikweni "i-PV yebhalkhoni eyi-≤800 Wp" njengeI-Stecker-Solar, ingayivumeli ukuba ivunywe, ilinganiswe, kwaye ihlawuliswe iifizi zegridi, kodwa isathintela ukubuyisela umbane kwigridi kawonke-wonke ngeesokhethi zabucala.
• I-“Distributed PV Management Measures (Draft for Comment)” yaseTshayina ka-2024 idwelisa “i-balcony PV” “njengemeko encinci” kodwa ichaza ngokucacileyo ukuba iimodeli “zokuzisebenzisa ngokupheleleyo” kufuneka zixhotyiswe ngezixhobo zokukhusela ukuhamba kombane ngasemva; kungenjalo, kuya kuthathwa njengokuphulwa kwemigaqo yokusetyenziswa kombane.
• IFransi, i-Itali, neSpain ngaxeshanye ziqalise amaqonga okubhalisa e-“plug-in PV” apho abasebenzisi kufuneka baqale bazibophelele “kwi-zero reverse power flow” ukuze bafanelekele inkxaso-mali yokuzisebenzisa eyi-0.10–0.15 €/kWh.

Inkxaso yomgaqo-nkqubo ibe sisiseko sokuphunyezwa kwe-PV yebalcony, kodwa kufuneka kuqwalaselwe nokuthobela imithetho yokujika kombane echasene nokubuyela umva. Kulapho ke iimitha ezikrelekrele ziba yimfuneko khona.

4. Kutheni iNkqubo ye-PV yeBalcony ifuna i-OWON WiFi Smart Meter?

I-OWON, uMenzi woYilo lwasekuqaleni wesixhobo se-IoT onamava angaphezu kweminyaka engama-20, ugxile kulawulo lwamandla kunye nezisombululo zokwakha ezikrelekrele.Imitha ehlakaniphileyo ye-PC341 WiFiyenzelwe iimeko ezifana ne-balcony PV kwaye inika ezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• Imeko yoNxibelelwano oluFanelekileyo:Izakhiwo zeeflethi zihlala zingenazo iimeko zokufakelwa kweentambo ze-RS-485, kwaye i-4G/NB-IoT ihlawuliswa imirhumo yonyaka. I-WiFi, egubungela phantse i-100%, yindlela efanelekileyo yokunxibelelana kwiimitha ezikrelekrele kwiimeko ze-PV zebhalkhoni. I-PC341 ixhasa uqhagamshelo lwe-WiFi lwe-802.11 b/g/n @ 2.4GHz.
• Amandla Okuhamba Kwamandla Okuchasene Nokubuyela Umva Okubalulekileyo:Imitha kufuneka ibone ukuba kwenzeka ukuhamba kwamandla okujika ngokukhawuleza. I-PC341 ixhasa ukulinganiswa kwamandla okujika kabini, ibeka esweni amandla asetyenzisiweyo naveliswayo (kuquka amandla agqithisileyo abuyiselwa kwigridi). Umjikelo wayo wokunika ingxelo wemizuzwana eli-15 nganye unceda inkqubo ukuba iphendule ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
• Iyasebenziseka:I-PV yebhalkhoni idla ngokuba yiprojekthi yokulungisa izinto, efuna ukuba imitha yongezwe kwindawo yoqhagamshelo lwegridi ye-PV, idla ngokuba ngaphakathi kwibhodi yokusasaza yasekhaya ekhoyo. I-PC341 ixhasa ukufakwa kwereyile eludongeni okanye kwi-DIN. Ii-CT zayo eziphambili kunye nee-CT ezincinci zisebenzisa izihlanganisi zesandi ezineepali ezintathu (3.5mm kunye ne-2.5mm ngokulandelelana) ezineentambo zemitha e-1, kwaye ii-transformers zamandla eziqhekekileyo zenza kube lula ukufakwa ngokukhawuleza, zingena kakuhle kwiibhodi zokusasaza zasekhaya ezincinci.
• Ukulinganisa okuchanekileyo kweendlela ezimbini:Iimfuneko zomthetho zisenokufuna ukuba kutshintshwe iimitha ezindala ezingaxhasi umlinganiselo wendlela ezimbini. I-PC341 yenzelwe ngokukodwa ukulinganisa amandla wendlela ezimbini, ijonga ngokuchanekileyo ukusetyenziswa kunye nemveliso, ihlangabezana neemfuno zobugcisa zeemeko ze-PV zebhalkhoni. Ukuchaneka kwayo kokulinganisa okulinganisiweyo kungaphakathi kwe-±2% kwimithwalo engaphezulu kwe-100W.
• Izinga lokuNgxelwa kweDatha:I-PC341 inika imilinganiselo yexesha langempela ye-voltage, i-current, i-power factor, i-active power, kunye ne-frequency, kunye nengxelo yedatha eqhelekileyo, enceda ekujongeni utshintsho lwamandla.
• Amandla oNxibelelwano:Unxibelelwano lwe-WiFi lwe-PC341 lususa isidingo sokudibanisa iintambo zonxibelelwano ezongezelelweyo; ukuxhuma nje kwinethiwekhi engenazingcingo yasekhaya ekhoyo kwenza udluliselo lwedatha, kunciphisa kakhulu ubunzima bokufakelwa kunye neendleko zokwakha. Oku kukwanceda ukwandiswa kwenkqubo kwixesha elizayo. Uninzi lwee-microinverters ezisetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ze-PV zebalcony nazo zixhasa unxibelelwano lwe-WiFi, zivumela zombini imitha kunye ne-microinverter ukuba ziqhagamshelane nenethiwekhi ye-WiFi yasekhaya.
• Ukuhambelana kweNkqubo kunye nokuguquguquka:I-PC341 iyahambelana neenkqubo ze-single-phase, split-phase (120/240VAC), kunye neenkqubo ze-four-wire (480Y/277VAC) ezine-phase ezintathu, ezilungelelaniswa neemeko ezahlukeneyo zombane. Ingajonga amandla endlu yonke kunye neesekethe ezili-16 ngazinye (isebenzisa ii-sub CT ezingama-50A), inika ukuguquguquka kokwandiswa kwenkqubo.
• Ukuthembeka kunye neSatifikethi:I-PC341 inesiqinisekiso se-CE kwaye isebenza ngokuthembekileyo ngaphakathi kobubanzi bobushushu (-20℃ ~ +55℃), ifanelekile kwiindawo zokufakelwa ngaphakathi.

5. Isiphelo: I-OWON WiFi Smart Meter – Isincedisi esiPhambili seeNkqubo zePV zeBalcony

Iinkqubo ze-PV zebalcony ziguqula izigidi zeebalcony zokuhlala zibe “zizityalo zamandla ezincinci.” Imitha ehlakaniphileyo yeWiFi efana ne-OWON PC341 inceda ezi nkqubo zisebenze ngendlela “ethobelayo, ekrelekrele, ekhuselekileyo, nesebenzayo”. Idlala indima ebalulekileyo equka “ukulinganisa, ukubeka esweni, kunye nonxibelelwano.” Ukujonga phambili, ngokwamkelwa ngakumbi kwamaxabiso atshintshayo, urhwebo lwekhabhoni, kunye ne-V2G, umsebenzi wemitha ehlakaniphileyo uya kutshintsha ngaphaya kokuhamba kwamandla okuchasene nokubuyela umva, okunokwenzeka ukuba kuphuculwe ukuze kube yindawo ephambili kwinkqubo yolawulo lwamandla ekhaya, okwenza yonke i-kilowatt-yure yombane oluhlaza ibonakale, ilawuleke, kwaye ilungelelaniswe, ikhanyise ngokwenene “imayile yokugqibela” yokuphila ngaphandle kwekhabhoni.

I-OWON Technology inikezela ngezisombululo ezibanzi ukusuka kwiimveliso ze-IoT eziqhelekileyo ukuya kwiinkonzo ze-ODM zezixhobo. Uluhlu lwayo lwemveliso kunye nobuchule bayo bobuchwephesha bunokuxhasa iinkqubo ze-PV zebalcony kunye nezicelo ezibanzi zolawulo lwamandla ekhaya.