Icacisiwe yiZigbee2mqtt: Indlela Esebenza Ngayo, Izixhobo Ezihambelanayo kunye neeNgcebiso Zokwenyani Zokudibanisa

Kwiiprojekthi ezininzi zekhaya elikrelekrele kunye neeprojekthi zorhwebo olulula, owona mceli mngeni mkhulu asikokungabikho kwezixhobo, kodwa kukunqongophalaukusebenzisanaIimpawu ezahlukeneyo zithumela iindawo zazo zokuhlala, ii-apps, kunye neendawo ezivaliweyo, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukwakha inkqubo enye edibeneyo "esebenza nje".

I-Zigbee2MQTTiye yavela njengendlela esebenzayo yokudibanisa ezi ziqithi. Ngokudibanisa izixhobo zeZigbee nomthengisi we-MQTT, ikuvumela ukuba usebenzise iqonga lakho lokuzenzekela - nokuba yi-Home Assistant, ideshibhodi yangaphakathi, okanye usetyenziso lwelifu - ngelixa usasebenzisa iimveliso zeZigbee ezithengiswayo.

Eli nqaku lichaza ukuba yintoni iZigbee2MQTT, apho ingena khona kwiindlela zokwenyani zokusasazwa, kunye nezinto ekufuneka uziqwalasele xa uyidibanisa nezixhobo zeZigbee ezifana neemitha zamandla, iirelay, iisensors, iithermostats kunye nezinye izixhobo zasentsimini ezivela kwi-OWON.

Yintoni iZigbee2MQTT?

I-Zigbee2MQTT yibhulorho evulelekileyo enokuthi:

IintethoInyosi yeZigbeekwelinye icala (kwizixhobo zakho zokugqibela)
IintethoI-MQTTkwelinye icala (kwiseva yakho yokuzenzekela okanye kwilifu)

Endaweni yokuthembela kwi-cloud okanye kwi-app yeselula yomthengisi ngamnye, usebenzisa i-Zigbee coordinator enye (edla ngokuba yi-USB dongle okanye i-gateway) edibanisa izixhobo zakho zeZigbee kwinethiwekhi enye. I-Zigbee2MQTT emva koko iguqulela imeko yesixhobo kunye nemiyalelo kwizihloko ze-MQTT, ezinokusetyenziswa yi:

Umncedisi Wasekhaya okanye amaqonga afanayo avulelekileyo
Ideshibhodi ye-BMS/HEMS eyenziwe ngokwezifiso
Inkonzo yelifu eyakhiwe ngumdibanisi wenkqubo okanye i-OEM

Ngamafutshane, iZigbee2MQTT ikuncedasusa izixhobo zekhompyutha kwisoftware, ukuze ukwazi ukukhetha isixhobo esifanelekileyo somsebenzi ngaphandle kokuvalelwa kwinkqubo enye yendalo.

Kutheni iZigbee2MQTT Ibalulekile kwiProjekthi zanamhlanje zeKhaya elihlakaniphileyo kunye neeProjekthi zorhwebo ezincinci

Kubanini bezindlu kunye namashishini amancinci, iZigbee2MQTT izisa iingenelo ezimbalwa ezisebenzayo:

Izixhobo zokuxuba nokufanisa
Sebenzisa iiplagi ezikrelekrele, iimitha zamandla, iithermostat, iisensa zomnyango/iifestile, iisensa zomgangatho womoya, amaqhosha, kunye neerelayini ezivela kubavelisi abahlukeneyo kwinkqubo enye edibeneyo. Izixhobo ezininzi ze-OWON, umzekelo, zenzelwe ukusebenza neZigbee2MQTT kunye noMncedisi weKhaya ukongeza kwii-apps zabathengisi.
Kuphephe ukutshixeka kwabathengisi
Akunyanzelekanga ukuba uhlale ngaphakathi kwelifu okanye kwi-app enye. Ukuba icebo lakho lesoftware liyatshintsha, ungagcina uninzi lwehardware yakho.
Ixabiso eliphantsi lexesha elide
Umququzeleli omnye ovulekileyo kunye ne-MQTT stack enye idla ngokuba nexabiso eliphantsi kuneendawo ezininzi ezizimeleyo, ingakumbi kwizakhiwo ezincinci ezinamagumbi amaninzi.
Ulawulo olupheleleyo lwedatha
Idatha evela kwiimitha kunye neesensa ingahlala ngaphakathi kwi-LAN yakho okanye ithunyelwe kwilifu lakho, nto leyo ibalulekileyo kumaziko ombane, abaphathi bepropathi kunye nababoneleli bezisombululo abakhathalele ubumfihlo kunye nobunini bedatha.

Ngokubaabahlanganisi beenkqubo, iinkampani zamandla, kunye nabavelisi be-OEM, iZigbee2MQTT ikwanomtsalane kuba ixhasa:

Ukwenziwa kweeprototype ngokukhawuleza kweenkonzo ezintsha ngaphandle kokuyila i-firmware yerediyo eyenziwe ngokwezifiso ukusuka ekuqaleni
Ukuhlanganiswa nee-backends ezisekelwe kwi-MQTT ezikhoyo
Inkqubo ebanzi yezixhobo zeZigbee ezihambelanayo kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo

Iimeko eziqhelekileyo zokusetyenziswa kweZigbee2MQTT

Izibane zeKhaya Elipheleleyo kunye nokuZenzekela kweeSensor

Imeko eqhelekileyo kakhulu kukusebenzisa iZigbee2MQTT njengomqolo we:

Izitshintshi zodonga zeZigbee kunye nezifinyezi
Izinzwa zokuhamba / zokuhlala
Izinzwa zomnyango/iifestile
Iiplagi ezikrelekrele kunye neerelayini ezingaphakathi eludongeni

Iziganeko (ezifunyenweyo ngentshukumo, ezivuliweyo, ezicinezelwe ngamaqhosha) zipapashwa nge-MQTT, kwaye iqonga lakho elizenzekelayo ligqiba indlela izibane, izigcawu okanye izaziso ezimele ziphendule ngayo.

Ukubeka iliso kuMandla kunye noLawulo lwe-HVAC

Kwiiprojekthi ezijonga amandla, iZigbee2MQTT ingaqhagamshela:

Iimitha zamandla zeClampkunye neereyi ze-DIN-railkwiisekethe kunye nemithwalo
Iiplagi ezikrelekrele kunye neesokhethikwizixhobo zombane ngazinye
Ii-thermostat zeZigbee, ii-TRV kunye nee-sensors zobushushuyokulawula ukufudumeza

Umzekelo, i-OWON inikezela ngeemitha zamandla zeZigbee, ii-smart relay, ii-smart plugs kunye nezixhobo ze-HVAC field ezisetyenziswa kulawulo lwamandla, ulawulo lokufudumeza kunye neeprojekthi zokwenza izinto ngokuzenzekelayo kwigumbi, kwaye uninzi lwazo luphawulwe njengeluhambelana neZigbee2MQTT kunye noMncedisi waseKhaya.

Oku kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba:

Landelela ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngesekethe nganye okanye ngegumbi ngalinye
Zenzela ngokuzenzekelayo iishedyuli zokufudumeza nokupholisa
Nxibelelanisa imeko yokuhlala okanye yefestile ne-HVAC ukuze uphephe inkunkuma

Iihotele ezincinci, izakhiwo ezineeflethi ezininzi kunye neepropati zokuqeshisa

I-Zigbee2MQTT ingasetyenziswa nakwiindawo ezingabizi kakhulu ezifana nezi:

Iihotele zevenkile enkulu
Iiflethi zabafundi
Iiflethi okanye iirenti ezibonelelwa iinkonzo

Apha, indibaniselwano ye:

Iithermostat ezikrelekrele zeZigbee kunye neeTRV
Iimitha zamandla kunye neesokhethi ezikrelekrele
Izinzwa zomnyango/iifestilekunye nezinzwa zokuhlala

inika idatha eyaneleyo yokuphumezaulawulo lwamandla kwinqanaba legumbi, ngelixa ivumela umqhubi ukuba agcine yonke ingqiqo ngaphakathi kwiseva yendawo endaweni yamafu amaninzi omthengisi.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uziqwalasele ngaphambi kokuba ukhethe iZigbee2MQTT

Nangona iZigbee2MQTT iguquguquka, ukusasazwa okuzinzileyo kusafuna ucwangciso olufanelekileyo.

1. Umququzeleli wezixhobo zekhompyutha kunye noyilo lwenethiwekhi

Khetha iumququzeleli othembekileyo(idongle okanye isango) uze uyibeke embindini.
Kwiiprojekthi ezinkulu, sebenzisaIirawutha zeZigbee(izixhobo ze-plug-in, ii-relay ezingaphakathi eludongeni, okanye ii-sensors ezisebenza ngamandla) ukuqinisa i-mesh.
Cwangcisa iitshaneli zeZigbee ukuze uphephe ukuphazamiseka kwiinethiwekhi zeWi-Fi ezixineneyo.

2. I-MQTT kunye neQonga lokuZenzekelayo

Uza kuyidinga:

Umthengisi we-MQTT (umz., ukusebenza kwiseva encinci, i-NAS, i-PC yemizi-mveliso, okanye i-VM yelifu)
Umaleko ozenzekelayo ofana noMncedisi weKhaya, iNode-RED, ideshibhodi yeBMS eyenziwe ngokwezifiso, okanye iqonga elikhethekileyo

Ukuze kusetyenziswe abantu abangochwephesha, kubalulekile ukuba:

Khusela i-MQTT ngokuqinisekiswa kunye ne-TLS apho kunokwenzeka khona
Chaza iindlela zokubiza amagama kwizihloko nakwimithwalo yemithwalo
Bhala idatha kwizixhobo ezibalulekileyo (iimitha, iisensa) ukuze uhlalutye kamva

3. Ukukhetha isixhobo kunye neFirmware

Ukuze kubekho ukuhlanganiswa okubushelelezi:

KhethaI-Zigbee 3.0izixhobo apho kunokwenzeka khona ukuze kubekho ukusebenzisana okungcono
Khetha izixhobo esele zaziwa kwaye zivavanyiwe luluntu lweZigbee2MQTT
Gcina i-firmware ihlaziyiwe ukuze uzuze kulungiso lweempazamo kunye neempawu ezintsha

Iimveliso ezininzi ze-OWON Zigbee – ezifana nezinzwa zomgangatho womoya, izinzwa zokuhlala, ii-smart relay, ii-sockets, iimitha zamandla kunye nezilawuli ze-HVAC – zisebenzisa iiprofayili kunye namaqela e-Zigbee aqhelekileyo, nto leyo ebenza babe ngabagqatswa abafanelekileyo kolu hlobo lokudibanisa.

Ukusebenzisa iZigbee2MQTT kunye nezixhobo ze-OWON Zigbee

Ngokwembono yehardware, i-OWON ibonelela:

Izixhobo zolawulo lwamandla: iimitha zamandla ezibanjiweyo, ii-DIN-rail relay, ii-smart sockets kunye nee-plugs
Izixhobo zentuthuzelo kunye ne-HVAC: ii-thermostat, ii-TRV, izinzwa zobushushu kunye nokufuma
Ukhuseleko kunye nokuziva: ucango/ifestile, intshukumo, umgangatho womoya, izixhobo zokubona igesi kunye nomsi
Amasango kunye nabalawuli: iingcango zomphetho, iziboniso zolawulo oluphakathi, iimodyuli zokufikelela

Kwabaninzi abahlanganisi, indlela eqhelekileyo yile:

SebenzisaI-Zigbee2MQTTnjengomaleko wokudibanisa izixhobo zokugqibela ze-OWON Zigbee.
Qhagamshela iZigbee2MQTT kumthengisi we-MQTT osetyenziswa liqonga labo lolawulo lwezakhiwo okanye lolawulo lwamandla asekhaya.
Sebenzisa ingqiqo yeshishini – efana nokuphendula kwimfuno, ulawulo lwentuthuzelo, okanye ukonga amandla okuhlala – kwisicelo sabo, ngelixa bexhomekeke kwizixhobo zeZigbee eziqinileyo kweli candelo.

Kuba i-OWON ikwaxhasaii-API zenqanaba lesixhobo kunye nee-API zesangoKwezinye iiprojekthi, amaqabane angaqala ngeZigbee2MQTT ukuze isetyenziselwe ngokukhawuleza, aze kamva aguqukele ekudibaneni okunzulu xa kuyimfuneko.

Iingcebiso zokudibanisa ezisebenzayo ezivela kwiindlela zokwenyani zokusasazwa

Ngokusekelwe kumava eprojekthi aqhelekileyo, iindlela ezimbalwa ezilungileyo zinokunceda inkqubo yakho isebenze kakuhle:

Qala ngendawo yokuvavanya
Okokuqala, faka inani eliqingqiweyo lezixhobo zeZigbee, uqinisekise ukugubungela umsakazo, ulwakhiwo lwesihloko, kunye noomatshini, uze ulinganise.
Yahlulahlula inethiwekhi yakho ngokwengqiqo
Zihlanganise izixhobo ngokwegumbi, umgangatho okanye umsebenzi (umz., ukukhanya, i-HVAC, ukhuseleko) ukuze izihloko ze-MQTT zihlale zilula ukuzigcina.
Jonga umgangatho wekhonkco (LQI/RSSI)
Sebenzisa imephu yenethiwekhi yeZigbee2MQTT kunye neelog ukuze ubone amakhonkco abuthathaka kwaye wongeze ii-routers apho kufuneka khona.
Iindawo ezahlukeneyo zovavanyo kunye nemvelisouhlaziyo lwe-firmware kunye nooomatshini bokuvavanya, ingakumbi kwiindawo zorhwebo.
Bhala phantsi useto lwakho
Kwi-OEMs kunye nabadibanisi, amaxwebhu acacileyo akhawulezisa ukugcinwa kunye nokuphuculwa kwexesha elizayo, kwaye kwenza kube lula ukudlulisela inkqubo kubaqhubi.

Isiphelo: I-Zigbee2MQTT Ivakala Nini?

I-Zigbee2MQTT ayisiyonto nje yokuzonwabisa; sisixhobo esiluncedo sokwenza oku kulandelayo:

Abanini bezindlu abafuna ukulawula ngokupheleleyo ikhaya labo elikrelekrele
Abahlanganisi abafuna indlela eguquguqukayo yokudibanisa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zeZigbee
Ababoneleli ngezisombululo kunye nee-OEMs abafuna ukwakha iinkonzo ngaphezu kwezixhobo ezisemgangathweni

Ngokudibanisa izixhobo zeZigbee kwisakhiwo esisekelwe kwi-MQTT, ufumana:

Inkululeko yokukhetha izixhobo zekhompyutha kuzo zonke iimpawu
Indlela ehambelanayo yokudibanisa namaqonga akhoyo kunye namafu
Isiseko esinokukhula seenkonzo zexesha elizayo kunye nezicelo eziqhutywa yidatha

Ngepotifoliyo yeemitha zamandla zeZigbee, iiswitshi, iisensa, iithermostat, iigateways nokunye, i-OWON ibonelelaizixhobo zekhompyutha ezivavanyiweyo entsiminiezinokuthi zisekele ukusasazwa kweZigbee2MQTT, ukuze iinjineli kunye nabanini beeprojekthi bakwazi ukugxila kwisoftware, kumava omsebenzisi, nakwiimodeli zoshishino endaweni yeenkcukacha zerediyo ezisezantsi.