Ekubeni i-market ye-IoT ishushu, abathengisi be-software kunye ne-hardware abavela kuzo zonke iindlela zobomi baye baqala ukuthululela, kwaye emva kokuba uhlobo oluqhekezayo lwemarike luye lwacaciswa, iimveliso kunye nezisombululo ezithe nkqo kwiimeko zesicelo ziye zaba yinto eqhelekileyo. Kwaye, ukwenzela ukuba iimveliso / izisombululo zihlangabezane neemfuno zabathengi ngexesha elifanayo, abavelisi abachaphazelekayo banokufumana ulawulo kunye nengeniso engaphezulu, iteknoloji yophando lokuzimela iye yaba yinto ehamba phambili, ngokukodwa iteknoloji yonxibelelwano olungelulo lweselula, kanye kwimarike kukho ikhulu lemeko ekhulayo.
Ngokubhekiselele kunxibelelwano oluncinci olungenazingcingo, kukho iBluetooth, Wi-Fi, Zigbee, Z-Wave, Thread kunye nobunye ubuchwepheshe; ngokothungelwano lwendawo ebanzi yamandla aphantsi (LPWAN), kukwakho neSigfox, iLoRa, iZETA, iWIoTa, iTurmass kunye nobunye ubuchwephesha obahlukileyo.
Okulandelayo, eli phepha lishwankathela ngokufutshane ubume bophuhliso lobunye ubuchwephesha obungasentla, kwaye lihlalutya itekhnoloji nganye kwimiba emithathu: ukwenziwa kwezinto ezintsha, ukucwangciswa kweemarike, kunye notshintsho lwekhonkco loshishino ukuxoxa ngemeko yangoku kunye neendlela ezizayo zonxibelelwano lwe-IoT.
Unxibelelwano oluncinci olungenazingcingo: Ukwandiswa kwescene, unxibelelwano lwetekhnoloji
Namhlanje, itekhnoloji encinci yonxibelelwano engenazingcingo isaphindaphindeka, kwaye utshintsho kumsebenzi, ukusebenza kunye neemeko zokuziqhelanisa netekhnoloji nganye eneneni zinezityhilelo ezithile kwicala lemarike. Okwangoku, kukho isenzeko seTekhnoloji ye-To C ukuya ku-B kwindawo yokuhlola, kwaye kunxibelelwano lwetekhnoloji, ukongeza kwi-Matter protocol yokufika, unxibelelwano lwe-cross-teknoloji lunenye inkqubela phambili.
ibluetooth
· I-Bluetooth 5.4 Ekhutshiweyo - Ukunyusa i-Electronic Price Label Application
Ngokutsho kweBluetooth Core Specification Version 5.4, i-ESL (i-Electronic Price Label) isebenzisa isikimu sedilesi yesixhobo (i-binary) equkethe i-ID ye-8 ye-ESL kunye ne-ID yeqela le-7. Kwaye i-ID ye-ESL yodwa phakathi kwamaqela ahlukeneyo. Ke ngoko, inethiwekhi yesixhobo se-ESL inokuqulatha ukuya kuthi ga kumaqela ali-128, ngalinye liqulathe ukuya kuthi ga kwi-255 yezixhobo ezizodwa ze-ESL ezingamalungu elo qela. Ngamagama alula, kwisicelo sexabiso le-elektroniki, ukuba inethiwekhi ye-Bluetooth 5.4 isetyenzisiwe, kunokubakho izixhobo ze-32,640 ze-ESL kwinethiwekhi, ithegi nganye inokulawulwa ukusuka kwindawo yokufikelela enye.
Wi-Fi
· Ukwandiswa kwescene kwizitshixo zocango ezikrelekrele, njl.
Ukongeza kwizinto ezinxitywayo kunye nezithethi ezikrelekrele, iimveliso zasekhaya ezikrelekrele ezinje ngeentsimbi zasecangweni, iithermostats, iiwotshi ze-alam, abenzi bekofu kunye neeglowubhu zokukhanyisa ngoku ziqhagamshelwe kuthungelwano lwe-Wi-Fi. Ukongeza, izitshixo ezihlakaniphile zikwalindeleke ukuba zifikelele kuthungelwano lwe-Wi-Fi kwiinkonzo ezininzi. I-Wi-Fi 6 inciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwayo kwamandla ngelixa inyusa ukuhanjiswa kwedatha ngokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwenethiwekhi kunye nokwandisa i-bandwidth.
· Ukubekwa kwe-Wi-Fi kuvuselela amandla
Ngokuchaneka kwendawo ye-Wi-Fi ngoku ifikelela kwi-1-2m kunye nemigangatho yesizukulwana sesithathu neyesine ephuhliswayo ngokusekelwe kwiinkonzo zendawo ye-Wi-Fi, ubugcisa obutsha be-LBS buya kwenza ukuphuculwa okumangalisayo kokuchaneka ukukhonza uluhlu olubanzi lwabathengi, amashishini, amashishini, njl. iiteknoloji ziya kwenza ukuba indawo ye-Wi-Fi ihambe iye ngaphakathi kwe-0.1m. Ubuchwephesha obutsha kunye nokuphuculwa kwe-LBS buya kwenza ukuba i-Wi-Fi ibekwe ngaphakathi kwe-0.1m, utshilo uDorothy Stanley, umakhi wemigangatho kwi-Aruba Networks kunye nosihlalo weQela eliSebenzayo le-IEEE 802.11.
Zigbee
· Ukukhutshwa kweZigbee Direct, uqhagamshelo oludityanisiweyo lweBluetooth ngqo kwiiselfowuni
Kubathengi, iZigbee Direct ibonelela ngendlela entsha yokusebenzisana ngokudityaniswa kweBluetooth, ivumela izixhobo zeBluetooth ukufikelela kwizixhobo kwinethiwekhi yeZigbee ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa kwelifu okanye hub. Kule meko, inethiwekhi eZigbee inokuxhuma ngokuthe ngqo kwifowuni ngeteknoloji yeBluetooth, ivumela ifowuni ukuba ilawule izixhobo kwinethiwekhi yeZigbee.
· Ukukhutshwa kweZigbee PRO 2023 kuphucula ukhuseleko lwesixhobo
I-Zigbee PRO 2023 yandisa ulwakhiwo lwayo lokhuseleko ukuze ilungelelanise ukusebenza kwe-hub-centric "ngokusebenza nazo zonke ii-hubs", into ephucula i-hub-centric resilient networks ngokunceda izixhobo zichonge eyona nodi yomzali ifanelekileyo ukujoyina ngokukhuselekileyo kunye nokuphinda ujoyine inethiwekhi. Ukongezelela, ukongezwa kwenkxaso ye-European (800 Mhz) kunye neNorth America (900 MHZ) i-sub-gigahertz frequencies inikeza amandla omqondiso ophezulu kunye noluhlu lokuxhasa iimeko ezininzi zokusetyenziswa.
Ngokusebenzisa olu lwazi lungentla, akukho nzima ukwenza izigqibo ezibini, eyokuqala kukuba ulwalathiso lweteknoloji yonxibelelwano iteration itshintsha ngokuthe ngcembe ukusuka ekuphuculeni ukusebenza ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zeemeko zesicelo kunye nokubonelela ngeemveliso ezintsha kumaqabane oshishino; okwesibini kukuba ukongeza kwi-Protocol ye-Matter kwi-interconnection "barriers", iteknoloji nayo ikwindlela yokudibanisa kunye nokudibanisa.
Ewe, unxibelelwano oluncinci olungenazingcingo njengothungelwano lwengingqi luyinxalenye kuphela yonxibelelwano lwe-IoT, kwaye ndiyakholelwa ukuba ubuchwephesha obuqhubekayo beLPWAN obushushu, butsala ingqwalasela enkulu.
LPWAN
· Ukuphuculwa kwenkqubo yeshishini, indawo enkulu yemarike yaphesheya kolwandle
Ukusukela kwiminyaka yokuqala xa itekhnoloji yaqala ukuvela ukuze isetyenziswe kunye nokuthandwa, ukuya kuthi ga ngoku kusukelo lwesicelo esitsha sokuthatha iimarike ezingaphezulu, isalathiso setekhnoloji yetekhnoloji ifumana inguqu emangalisayo. Kuyaqondwa ukuba ukongeza kubuchwephesha obuncinci bonxibelelwano olungenazingcingo, kuninzi okwenzekileyo kwimarike yeLPWAN kwiminyaka yakutshanje.
LoRa
· USemtech ufumana iSierra Wireless
USemtech, umdali weteknoloji yeLoRa, uya kudibanisa iteknoloji yokumodareyitha engenazintambo ye-LoRa kwiimodyuli zeselula zeSierra Wireless kunye nokufumana iSierra Wireless, inkampani egxile kwiimodyuli zonxibelelwano lweselula, kunye nokudibanisa iimveliso zeenkampani ezimbini, abathengi baya kukwazi ukufikelela kwi-platform yefu ye-IoT eya kusingatha imisebenzi emininzi kuquka ulawulo lwesixhobo solawulo lwabathengi abaya kukwazi ukufikelela kwisixhobo sokulawula i-network i-platform yolawulo lwabathengi baya kukwazi ukufikelela kwi-multiple device i-platform yolawulo lwenethiwekhi. kunye nokhuseleko.
· 6 million gateways, 300 million ekupheleni nodes
Kuyafaneleka ukukhankanya ukuba i-LoRa iphuhla kumacala ahlukeneyo ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe ngokusekwe kwiinkcukacha ezahlukeneyo kwilizwe ngalinye, kunye neChina isiya "kuthungelwano lwengingqi" kunye namazwe angaphandle aqhubeka nokwakha ii-WAN ezinkulu. Kuyaqondwa ukuba i-platform ye-Helium yangaphandle (i-Helium) inikezela ngenkxaso enkulu kwi-LoRa yokugubungela isango ngokusekelwe kumvuzo we-asethi yedijithali kunye nendlela yokusetyenziswa. Abaqhubi bayo eNyakatho Melika babandakanya i-Actility, i-Senet, i-X-TELIA, njl.
Sigfox
· UkuHlangana kweTekhnoloji ezininzi kunye neSineji
Ukusukela oko inkampani yaseSingapore ye-IoT i-UnaBiz yafumana iSigfox kulo nyaka uphelileyo, eyeyangaphambili ilungelelanise imisebenzi yale mva, ngakumbi malunga nokuhlangana kwetekhnoloji, kwaye i-Sigfox ngoku iguqulela obunye itekhnoloji ye-LPWA kunye netekhnoloji yonxibelelwano engenazingcingo kwiinkonzo zayo. Kutshanje, i-UnaBiz iququzelele i-synergy yeSigfox kunye neLoRa.
· IShift yeModeli yoShishino
U-UnaBiz uphinde waseka isicwangciso soshishino seSigfox kunye nemodeli yoshishino. Ngaphambili, isicwangciso Sigfox isigqibo ukuphuhlisa isakhono jikelele ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo kwaye abe ngumqhubi ngokwayo ipholile iinkampani ezininzi kwitsheyini kushishino ngenxa yolawulo olungqongqo kwi-ecosystem iteknoloji, efuna amaqabane esekelwe kuthungelwano Sigfox ukwabelana isixa esibalulekileyo sengeniso yenkonzo, njl Kwaye namhlanje, endaweni yokugxila kuphela kwimisebenzi yenethiwekhi, UnaBiz igxininise ngakumbi kwiinkonzo ezingundoqo zokubonelela ngeenkonzo eziphambili ze-UnaBiz, igxininise ngakumbi kwiinkonzo ezingundoqo zokubonelela (amaqabane, abathengi kunye nabaqhubi be-Sigfox) kunye nokunciphisa kakhulu ilahleko ye-Sigfox nge-2/3 ekupheleni kwe-2022 xa kuthelekiswa nokuphela kwe-2021.
ZETA
· Vula i-ikholoji, uphuhliso lwentsebenziswano kushishino
Ngokungafani ne-LoRa, apho i-95% yee-chips ziveliswa yi-Semtech ngokwayo, i-chip ye-ZETA kunye ne-module industry inabathathi-nxaxheba abaninzi, kuquka i-STMicroelectronics (ST), i-Silicon Labs, kunye ne-Socionext ngaphandle, kunye nabavelisi be-semiconductor basekhaya njenge-Quanxin Micro, i-Huapu Micro, kunye ne-Zhipu Micro. Ukongezelela, i-ZETA isebenzisana ne-socionext, i-Huapu Micro, i-Zhipu Micro, i-DaYu Semiconductor kunye nabanye abavelisi bee-chips, ezingaphelelanga ekusebenziseni iimodyuli ze-ZETA, banokulayisenisa i-IP kubavelisi bezicelo ezahlukeneyo kwishishini, okwenza i-ecology evulekileyo ephantsi.
· Uphuhliso lweqonga le-ZETA PaaS
Ngeqonga le-ZETA PaaS, abaphuhlisi banokudala izisombululo kwiimeko ezininzi; ababoneleli beteknoloji banokusebenzisana ne-IoT PaaS ukufikelela kuluhlu olubanzi lwabathengi; abavelisi banokudibanisa kwimarike ngokukhawuleza kwaye banciphise iindleko ezipheleleyo. Ukongezelela, ngeplatifomu ye-PaaS, isixhobo ngasinye se-ZETA sinokutyhutyha udidi kunye nezithintelo zeemeko ukudibanisa omnye nomnye, ukuze kuhlolwe ixabiso lesicelo sedatha.
Ngophuhliso lwetekhnoloji ye-LPWAN, ngakumbi ukungabikho kwemali kunye "novuko" lweSigfox, kunokubonwa ukuba, ukuze ufumane unxibelelwano olungakumbi, itekhnoloji yonxibelelwano ye-IoT ifuna amaqabane oshishino ukuphuhlisa intsebenziswano kunye nokuphucula ukuthatha inxaxheba kwabachaphazelekayo kunye nengeniso. Kwangaxeshanye, singabona kwakhona ukuba obunye ubuchwephesha obufana ne-LoRa kunye ne-ZETA nabo bayaphuhlisa ngenkuthalo i-ecology.
Ukushwankathela, xa kuthelekiswa neminyaka edlulileyo xa ubuxhakaxhaka bonxibelelwano babuzalwa kwaye umnini ngamnye wobugcisa wayesebenza ngokwahlukileyo, eyona ndlela iphambili kule minyaka yakutsha nje ibhekiselele ekuhlanganeni, kubandakanywa ukuhambelana kobuchwephesha obuncinci bonxibelelwano olungenazingcingo ngokubhekiselele ekusebenzeni kunye nokusebenza, kunye nobuchwepheshe beLPWAN malunga nokusebenziseka.
Kwelinye icala, izinto ezinje ngokugqithiswa kwedatha kunye ne-latency, ebezikade zigqaliselo kwitekhnoloji yokuphindaphinda, ngoku ziye zaba ziimfuno ezisisiseko, kwaye ingqwalasela yokuphindaphinda itekhnoloji ngoku ngakumbi kukwandiswa kwemeko kunye neenkonzo. Utshintsho kwicala lokuphindaphinda kuthetha ukuba inani labathathi-nxaxheba kwishishini liyakhula kwaye i-ecology iyaphucuka. Njengesiseko soqhagamshelo lwe-IoT, itekhnoloji yonxibelelwano ayiyi kumisa kunxibelelwano lwe-"cliché" kwixesha elizayo, kodwa iya kuba neengcinga ezintsha.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-27-2023