Isihloko esiza kuthetha ngaso namhlanje sinento yokwenza namakhaya akrelekrele.
Xa kufikwa kumakhaya akrelekrele, akukho mntu kufuneka angawaqhelanga. Emuva ekuqaleni kwale nkulungwane, xa umbono we-Intanethi weZinto wazalwa okokuqala, eyona ndawo ibalulekileyo yesicelo, yayilikhaya elilumkileyo.
Ukutyhubela iminyaka, ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo lwetekhnoloji yedijithali, kuye kwayilwa ihardware eyongezelelekileyo yekhaya. Ezi hardware ziye zazisa uncedo olukhulu kubomi bosapho kwaye zongeza kulonwabo lokuphila.
Ngokuhamba kwexesha, uya kuba nee-apps ezininzi kwifowuni yakho.
Ewe, le yingxaki yesithintelo sendalo ekudala ithwaxa umzi-mveliso wasekhaya okrelekrele.
Ngapha koko, uphuhliso lwetekhnoloji ye-IoT luhlala luphawulwa ngokuqhekeka. Iimeko ezahlukeneyo zosetyenziso zihambelana neempawu ezahlukeneyo zetekhnoloji ye-IoT. Abanye bafuna i-bandwidth enkulu, abanye bafuna ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi, abanye bagxininise kuzinzo, kwaye abanye baxhalabele kakhulu ngeendleko.
Oku kuye kwavelisa umxube we-2/3/4/5G, NB-IoT, eMTC, LoRa, SigFox, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Zigbee, Thread kunye nobunye ubuchwephesha bonxibelelwano obuphantsi.
I-smart home, nayo, yimeko ye-LAN eqhelekileyo, kunye nobuchwepheshe bonxibelelwano olufutshane olufana ne-Wi-Fi, i-Bluetooth, i-Zigbee, i-Thread, njl., kwiindidi ezininzi kunye nokusetyenziswa okunqamlezayo.
Ngaphaya koko, njengoko amakhaya alumkileyo elungiselelwe abasebenzisi abangezongcali, abavelisi badla ngokuzakhela awabo amaqonga kunye nojongano lwe-UI kwaye bamkele iiprothokholi zomaleko wesicelo sobunikazi ukuqinisekisa amava omsebenzisi. Oku kukhokelele “kwimfazwe yendalo” yangoku.
Izithintelo phakathi kwe-ecosystems azibanganga kuphela iingxaki ezingapheliyo kubasebenzisi, kodwa nakubathengisi kunye nabaphuhlisi - ukuqaliswa kwemveliso efanayo kufuna ukuphuhliswa kweendawo ezahlukeneyo zendalo, ukwandisa kakhulu umsebenzi kunye neendleko.
Ngenxa yokuba ingxaki yezithintelo zendalo iyisithintelo esinzulu kuphuhliso lwexesha elide lwamakhaya ahlakaniphile, ishishini liye laqala ukusebenza ekufumaneni isisombululo kule ngxaki.
Ukuzalwa kweProtocol yoMba
NgoDisemba ka-2019, uGoogle kunye ne-Apple bajoyina i-Zigbee Alliance, bajoyina i-Amazon kunye neenkampani ezingaphezu kwama-200 kunye namawaka eengcali kwihlabathi jikelele ukukhuthaza iprotocol entsha yomaleko wesicelo, eyaziwa ngokuba yiProjekthi ye-CHIP (i-Connected Home over IP) protocol.
Njengoko unokubona kwigama, i-CHIP imalunga nokuqhagamshela ikhaya ngokusekelwe kwiiprothokholi ze-IP. Le protocol yasungulwa ngenjongo yokwandisa ukuhambelana kwesixhobo, ukwenza lula uphuhliso lwemveliso, ukuphucula amava omsebenzisi kunye nokuqhubela phambili ishishini.
Emva kokuba iqela elisebenzayo le-CHIP lizalwe, isicwangciso sokuqala sasikukhulula umgangatho kwi-2020 kwaye siqalise umkhiqizo ngo-2021. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukeneyo, esi sicwangciso asizange senze.
NgoMeyi ka-2021, i-Zigbee Alliance yatshintsha igama layo kwi-CSA (i-Connectivity Standards Alliance). Ngelo xesha, iprojekthi ye-CHIP yabizwa ngokuba yi-Matter (ithetha "imeko, umcimbi, umcimbi" ngesiTshayina).
I-Alliance yathiywa ngokutsha ngenxa yokuba amalungu amaninzi ayemathidala ukujoyina i-Zigbee, kwaye i-CHIP yatshintshwa yaba nguMatter, mhlawumbi ngenxa yokuba igama elithi CHIP laliyaziwa kakhulu (ekuqaleni lalithetha "i-chip") kwaye kulula kakhulu ukuphahlazeka.
Ngo-Okthobha ka-2022, iCSA ekugqibeleni yakhupha inguqulelo 1.0 yeProtocol esemgangathweni yeMatter. Kungekudala ngaphambi koko, nge-18 kaMeyi ka-2023, inguqulelo ye-Matter 1.1 nayo yakhululwa.
Amalungu e-CSA Consortium ahlulahlulwe abe ngamanqanaba amathathu: Umqalisi, uMthathi-nxaxheba kunye noMmkeli. Abaqalisi bakwelona nqanaba liphezulu, ukuba ngabokuqala ukuthatha inxaxheba ekuyilweni kweprotocol, ngamalungu eBhodi yaBalawuli ye-Alliance kwaye bathatha inxaxheba kwinqanaba elithile kubunkokeli kunye nezigqibo ze-Alliance.
UGoogle kunye neApple, njengabameli babaqalisi, babe negalelo elikhulu kwiinkcazo zakwangoko zeMatter.
UGoogle wenze igalelo lakhe lothungelwano olukhoyo lweKhaya eliSmart kunye neprotocol yesicelo Weave (iseti yeendlela zongqinisiso ezisemgangathweni kunye nemiyalelo yokusebenza kwesixhobo), ngelixa i-Apple inegalelo le-HAP yoKhuseleko (unxibelelwano oluphela kunye nokukhohlisa kwe-LAN yendawo, ukuqinisekisa ubumfihlo obuqinileyo kunye nokhuseleko. ).
Ngokutsho kwedatha yakutshanje kwiwebhusayithi esemthethweni, i-CSA consortium yaqalwa yinkampani epheleleyo ye-29, kunye nabathathi-nxaxheba be-282 kunye nabamkeli be-238.
Bekhokelwa zizigebenga, abadlali boshishino bathumela impahla yabo yobukrelekrele ngenkuthalo kwi-Matter kwaye bazibophelele ekwakheni i-ecosystem enkulu edityanisiweyo engenamthungo.
Uyilo lweprotocol yoMba
Emva kwayo yonke le ntetho, siyiqonda njani ngqo iProtocol yeMatter? Yintoni ubudlelwane bayo ne-Wi-Fi, iBluetooth, iTread and Zigbee?
Ayikhawulezi kangako, makhe sijonge umzobo:
Lo ngumzobo woyilo lweprotocol: i-Wi-Fi, i-Thread, i-Bluetooth (i-BLE) kunye ne-Ethernet ziyi-protocols eziphantsi (i-physical and data link layers); phezulu ngumaleko womnatha, kuquka iprotocol ye IP; phezulu ngumaleko wezothutho, kubandakanywa iiprothokholi ze-TCP kunye ne-UDP; kunye neprotocol yoMba, njengoko sele sikhankanyile, yinkqubo yomaleko wesicelo.
IBluetooth kunye neZigbee nazo zinenethwekhi ezinikezelweyo, ezothutho kunye neengqimba zesicelo, ukongeza kwiiprotocol ezisisiseko.
Ke ngoko, i-Matter yiprotocol ekhethekileyo kunye neZigbee kunye neBluetooth. Okwangoku, ekuphela kweeprothokholi ezisisiseko ezixhaswa nguMatter yi-Wi-Fi, i-Thread kunye ne-Ethernet (Ethernet).
Ukongeza kuyilo lweprotocol, kufuneka sazi ukuba iMatter protocol iyilwe ngefilosofi evulekileyo.
Iprotocol yomthombo ovulekileyo enokuthi ijongwe, isetyenziswe kwaye iguqulwe nguye nabani na ukuba ihambelane neemeko ezahlukeneyo zesicelo kunye neemfuno, eziza kuvumela izibonelelo zobuchwepheshe zokungafihli kunye nokuthembeka.
Ukhuseleko lwe-Protocol ye-Matter ikwayindawo enkulu yokuthengisa. Isebenzisa itekhnoloji yamva nje yoguqulelo oluntsonkothileyo kwaye ixhasa ufihlo olusuka ekupheleni ukuya esiphelweni ukuqinisekisa ukuba unxibelelwano lwabasebenzisi alubiwa okanye luphazanyiswe.
Imodeli yothungelwano lweMatter
Okulandelayo, sijonga eyona nethiwekhi ye-Matter. Kwakhona, oku kuboniswa ngumzobo:
Njengoko umzobo ubonisa, i-Matter yi-protocol esekelwe kwi-TCP/IP, ngoko ke uMba yiyo nayiphi na i-TCP/IP edityaniswe kuyo.
Izixhobo ze-Wi-Fi kunye ne-Ethernet ezixhasa i-protocol ye-Matter zinokuqhagamshelwa ngokuthe ngqo kwi-router engenazintambo. Izixhobo zomsonto ezixhasa i-Protocol ye-Matter zinokudityaniswa kuthungelwano olusekwe kwi-IP njenge-Wi-Fi nge-Border Routers.
Izixhobo ezingaxhasi i-Protocol ye-Matter, njenge-Zigbee okanye izixhobo zeBluetooth, zinokudibaniswa kwisixhobo sohlobo lwebhulorho (i-Matter Bridge/Gateway) ukuguqula iprotocol kwaye emva koko udibanise kwi-router engenazintambo.
Inkqubela phambili yeshishini kuMba
Umbandela umele umkhwa kwitekhnoloji yasekhaya ehlakaniphile. Ngokunjalo, ifumene ingqwalasela ebanzi kunye nenkxaso yolangazelelo ukusukela oko yaqalayo.
Ishishini linethemba elikhulu malunga nophuhliso lweMatter. Ngokwengxelo yamva nje yefemu yophando lwemakethi i-ABI Research, ngaphezulu kwe-20 yeebhiliyoni zeebhiliyoni eziqhagamshelwe ngaphandle kwamacingo izixhobo zasekhaya ezidibeneyo ziya kuthengiswa kwihlabathi liphela ukusuka ngo-2022 ukuya kowama-2030, kwaye inxalenye enkulu yezi ntlobo zezixhobo iya kuhlangabezana neenkcukacha zoMba.
Umba ngoku usebenzisa indlela yokuqinisekisa. Abavelisi benza ihardware ekufuneka iphumelele inkqubo yoqinisekiso lwe-CSA consortium ukuze bafumane iMatter certificate baze bavunyelwe ukusebenzisa iMatter logo.
Ngokutsho kwe-CSA, ukucaciswa kweMatriki kuya kusebenza kuluhlu olubanzi lwezixhobo ezinje ngeepaneli zokulawula, izitshixo zocango, izibane, iisokethi, izitshixo, izinzwa, i-thermostats, abalandeli, abalawuli bemozulu, iimfama kunye nezixhobo zemidiya, ezigubungela phantse zonke iimeko ikhaya elihlakaniphile.
Ngobulumko boshishino, ishishini sele linenani labenzi beemveliso zabo baphumelele isiqinisekiso seMatriki kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe bangena kwimarike. Kwicala labavelisi betshiphu kunye neemodyuli, kukwakho nenkxaso eyomeleleyo yeMatter.
Ukuqukumbela
Eyona ndima inkulu kaMatter njengeprothokholi yomgangatho ophezulu kukudiliza imiqobo phakathi kwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo kunye ne-ecosystem. Abantu abohlukeneyo banemibono eyahlukeneyo ngoMba, abanye bawubona njengomsindisi kwaye abanye bawubona njengesileyiti esicocekileyo.
Okwangoku, i-Protocol ye-Matter isekwinqanaba lokuqala lokuza kwimarike kwaye ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi ijongene neengxaki kunye nemingeni, njengeendleko eziphezulu kunye nomjikelo wokuhlaziya ixesha elide kwisitokhwe sezixhobo.
Nokuba yeyiphi na imeko, izisa umothuko kwiminyaka ebuthuntu yeenkqubo zetekhnoloji yasekhaya. Ukuba inkqubo endala inciphisa uphuhliso lwetekhnoloji kwaye inciphisa amava omsebenzisi, ngoko sifuna itekhnoloji efana ne-Matter ukuze inyuke kwaye ithathe umsebenzi omkhulu.
Enoba uMba uya kuphumelela okanye akunjalo, asinakuqiniseka. Nangona kunjalo, ngumbono walo lonke ishishini lasekhaya elilumkileyo kunye noxanduva lwenkampani nganye kunye nengcali kwishishini ukuxhobisa itekhnoloji yedijithali kubomi basekhaya kunye nokuphucula amava okuphila edijithali kubasebenzisi.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ikhaya elihlakaniphile liza kuwaqhawula kamsinya onke amakhamandela obugcisa kwaye lingene ngokwenyani kuwo onke amakhaya.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-29-2023