Imitha yamandla ehlakaniphile ene-MQTT yoMncedisi wasekhaya kunye neeNkqubo zamandla ze-IoT

Intshayelelo: Kutheni i-MQTT Ibalulekile kwiMilinganiselo yamandla yanamhlanje

Njengoko iinkqubo zamandla ezikrelekrele ziqhagamshelana ngakumbi, ukujonga ngokwesiko amafu kuphela akwanele. Iiprojekthi zanamhlanje zamandla oshishino olulula kunye neendawo zokuhlala zifuna amandla amaninzi.ukufikelela kwedatha yendawo, ngexesha langempela, kunye nenqanaba lenkqubo—ingakumbi xa kuhlanganiswa iimitha zamandla kumaqonga afana noMncedisi waseKhaya, iinkqubo zolawulo lwamandla zokwakha, okanye uyilo lwe-IoT olukhethekileyo.

Olu tshintsho lubangela ukukhula kwemfunoiimitha zamandla ezikrelekrele ezinenkxaso ye-MQTTKubaboneleli bezisombululo kunye nabayili beenkqubo, i-MQTT ivumela ukutshintshiselana kwedatha ngokuthe ngqo, ukuhlanganiswa kwenkqubo okuguquguqukayo, kunye nokuzimela kweqonga ixesha elide.

Ngokweemava ethu njengomenzi weemitha zamandla ezikrelekrele, imibuzo efana nale:"Ingaba le mitha yamandla iyayixhasa i-MQTT?" or "Ndingayidibanisa njani imitha yamandla kunye noMncedisi waseKhaya usebenzisa i-MQTT?"azisekho iimeko zokusetyenziswa eziphucukileyo—ziba ziimfuno eziqhelekileyo kwiiprojekthi zamandla zanamhlanje.

Yintoni iSmart Energy Meter ene-MQTT?

A imitha yamandla ekrelekrele ene-MQTTyimitha yombane ekwaziyo ukupapasha idatha yokulinganisa ngexesha langempela—njengamandla, amandla, i-voltage, kunye nomsinga—ngqo kumthengisi we-MQTT. Endaweni yokuthembela kuphela kwiideshibhodi zelifu ezizimeleyo, i-MQTT ivumela idatha yamandla ukuba isetyenziswe ziinkqubo ezininzi ngaxeshanye.

Iingenelo eziphambili ziquka:

Ukufumaneka kwedatha yendawo ngaphandle kokuxhomekeka kwilifu
Unxibelelwano olulula nolubambekayo
Ukudibanisa okulula neeplatifomu ze-Home Assistant, i-EMS, kunye ne-BMS
Ukuguquguquka kwexesha elide kokwandiswa kwenkqubo

Yingakho amagama angundoqo afanaUmncedisi weKhaya wemitha yamandla ye-mqtt, imitha yamandla ye-WiFi MQTTkunyeimitha yamandla ekrelekrele i-MQTTziyanda ukubonakala kukhangelo lwesigaba sokuthengwa kwempahla.

Kutheni i-MQTT ikhethwa kwiinkqubo zokubeka iliso kumandla

Xa kuthelekiswa nee-API ze-REST zemveli okanye ze-cloud-only, i-MQTT ifanelekile ngokukodwa ekujongeni amandla kuba ixhasaukusasazwa kwedatha okuqhubekayokwayeuyilo oluqhutywa ziziganeko.

Kwimisebenzi ebonakalayo, i-MQTT ivumela:

Idatha yamandla yexesha langempela yezinto ezibangela ukuzenzekela
Ukudibanisa neeModbus gateways okanye abalawuli bomda
Ukuhamba kwedatha okudibeneyo kwiimitha zamandla, ii-inverters, kunye neenkqubo zokugcina

Kwiiprojekthi ezifuna ii-feedback loops ezithembekileyo—ezifana nolawulo lomthwalo, ukulungiswa kwamandla, okanye ukuhamba kwamandla okuchasene nokubuyela umva—i-MQTT idla ngokuba ngumaleko osisiseko wonxibelelwano.

I-MQTT kunye noMncedisi Wasekhaya: Indibaniselwano Yendalo

Abasebenzisi abaninzi abafunaimitha yamandla ye-mqttUmncedisi Wasekhayaabafuni izifundo—bavavanya ukuba ingaba isixhobo siyahambelana na noyilo lwenkqubo yabo.

Umncedisi waseKhaya uxhasa i-MQTT ngokwemveli, nto leyo evumela:

Iideshibhodi zamandla zasekuhlaleni
Imithetho yokuzenzekela esekwe kumandla
Ukudibanisa neetshaja zelanga, ii-EV, kunye nemithwalo ekrelekrele

Xa imitha yamandla ekrelekrele ipapasha izihloko ze-MQTT ezisemgangathweni, ingadibaniswa ne-Home Assistant ngaphandle kokuyivalela iprojekthi kwinkqubo enye yomthengisi.

Uyilo lwe-MQTT yeMitha yamandla ehlakaniphile: Indlela esebenza ngayo

Kwisetingi eqhelekileyo:

Imitha yamandla ilinganisa iiparameter zombane zexesha langempela isebenzisa ii-CT clamps.
Idatha idluliselwa ngeWiFi okanye iZigbee ukuya kwisango lasekuhlaleni okanye ngqo kwinethiwekhi.
Amaxabiso okulinganisa apapashwa kumthengisi we-MQTT.
Umncedisi waseKhaya okanye ezinye iinkqubo zihambelana nezihloko ezifanelekileyo.

Olu lwakhiwo luvumelaukubeka esweni amandla okukhula, okungenamda kumthengisi, nto leyo ethandwa kakhulu kwiindlela zobuchwephesha zokusasaza amandla akrelekrele.

Imitha yamandla ehlakaniphileyo ye-PC321 ka-Owon eneNkxaso ye-MQTT

Ukuze kuhlangatyezwane nezi mfuno zokudibanisa,Imitha yamandla ehlakaniphileyo ye-PC321yenzelwe ukuxhasa ukuhanjiswa kwedatha yamandla esekwe kwi-MQTT kuzo zombiniI-WiFikwayeInyosi yeZigbeeiindlela ezahlukeneyo zonxibelelwano.

Ngokwembono yoyilo lwenkqubo, i-PC321 ibonelela:

Ukulinganiswa kwamandla kunye namandla okuchanekileyo okusekwe kwi-CT
Idatha yexesha langempela ifanelekile ukushicilelwa kwe-MQTT
Inkxaso yokubeka esweni ukungenisa/ukuthumela ngaphandle kwegridi
Ukuhambelana noMncedisi waseKhaya kunye namaqonga e-IoT angokwezifiso

Nokuba isetyenziswa njengeIsisombululo se-MQTT semitha yamandla ye-WiFiokanye njengenxalenye yenethiwekhi yamandla esekwe kwiZigbee, i-PC321 ivumela ukufikelela kwedatha rhoqo kuzo zonke iindlela zokwakha iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo.

I-WiFi vs Zigbee: Ukukhetha iLayer yoNxibelelwano olufanelekileyo lwe-MQTT

Zombini iWiFi kunye neZigbee zinokusebenza kunye neenkqubo zamandla ezisekelwe kwi-MQTT, kodwa nganye ihlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zokusasazwa.

Imitha yamandla ye-WiFi MQTTIisetingi zilungele iiprojekthi zokuhlala ezizimeleyo okanye ukuhlanganiswa kwe-LAN ngokuthe ngqo.
Iimitha zamandla zeZigbeezihlala zikhethwa kwiinethiwekhi zesensor ezisasaziweyo okanye xa zidityaniswe neesango zeZigbee ezidibanisa idatha kwi-MQTT.

Ngokunikezela ngeendlela zombini zonxibelelwano, i-PC321 ivumela abayili beenkqubo ukuba bakhethe i-topology ehambelana kakuhle nemida yeprojekthi yabo ngaphandle kokutshintsha izixhobo zokulinganisa amandla eziphambili.

Ukusetyenziswa Okusebenzayo KweeMetering Zamandla Ezisekelwe kwi-MQTT

Iimitha zamandla ezikrelekrele ezine-MQTT zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwezi:

Amakhaya akrelekrele asekelwe kuMncedisi wasekhaya
Iinkqubo zokugcina amandla elanga kunye negesi kwiindawo zokuhlala
Iideshibhodi zolawulo lwamandla zasekuhlaleni
Ukuzenzekelayo okulawulwa ngumda kunye nokwenza ngcono umthwalo
Iiprojekthi ezifuna ukuhlanganiswa kwedatha yeModbus-to-MQTT

Kuzo zonke ezi meko, i-MQTT isebenza njengomqolo othembekileyo wokutshintshiselana ngedatha yamandla ngexesha langempela.

Izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngabaYili beeNkqubo kunye nabaHlanganisi

Xa bekhetha imitha yamandla ekwaziyo ukusebenza kwi-MQTT, abenzi bezigqibo kufuneka bavavanye:

Ukuchaneka kokulinganisa kuluhlu lomthwalo
Uzinzo lokupapashwa kwedatha ye-MQTT
Ukuthembeka konxibelelwano (iWiFi okanye iZigbee)
Inkxaso ye-firmware kunye neprotocol yexesha elide

Njengomvelisi, siyila iimitha zamandla ezifana nePC321 ukuqinisekisa ukubauzinzo lweprotocol, umlinganiselo ochanekileyo, kunye nokuguquguquka kokuhlanganiswa, okuvumela abadibanisi beenkqubo ukuba bakhe izisombululo ezinokukhuliswa ngaphandle kokuyila ngokutsha uyilo lwazo.

Isiphelo

A imitha yamandla ekrelekrele ene-MQTTAkusekho mfuneko ikhethekileyo—licandelo eliphambili leenkqubo zanamhlanje zokubeka esweni amandla kunye neenkqubo zokwenza izinto ngokuzenzekelayo. Ngokuvumela ukufikelela kwedatha yendawo, ngexesha langempela, kunye nokungena kwidatha exhomekeke kwinkqubo, ukulinganisa amandla okusekwe kwi-MQTT kuxhasa izigqibo ezikrelekrele, ukwenza izinto ngokuzenzekelayo okungcono, kunye nokukhula kweprojekthi ixesha elide.

Kubaboneleli bezisombululo kunye nabayili beenkqubo, ukukhetha imitha yamandla eyilwe ngokucinga ngokuhlanganiswa kwe-MQTT kuqinisekisa ukuba idatha yamandla ihlala ifikeleleka, iyasebenza, kwaye ayizukuba yingozi kwixesha elizayo.

Ukuba uvavanya iimitha zamandla ezikwaziyo ukusebenza kwi-MQTT ze-Home Assistant okanye iiprojekthi zamandla ze-IoT ezenziwe ngokwezifiso, ukuqonda uyilo lonxibelelwano kwinqanaba lesixhobo linyathelo lokuqala lokusasazwa okuthembekileyo.