Eyokuqala: I-Ulink Media
Umbhali: 旸谷
Kutshanje, inkampani yaseDatshi ye-semiconductor i-NXP, ngokubambisana nenkampani yaseJamani i-Lateration XYZ, ifumene amandla okufikelela kwinqanaba le-millimeter lokubeka ezinye izinto kunye nezixhobo ze-UWB kusetyenziswa itekhnoloji ye-ultra-wideband. Esi sisombululo sitsha sizisa amathuba amatsha kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zesicelo ezifuna ukubeka kunye nokulandelela ngokuchanekileyo, nto leyo ebonisa inkqubela phambili ebalulekileyo kwimbali yophuhliso lwetekhnoloji ye-UWB.
Enyanisweni, ukuchaneka kwenqanaba le-UWB centimeter okwangoku, kwicandelo lokubeka izinto kwenziwe ngokukhawuleza, kwaye iindleko eziphezulu zehardware zikwanika abasebenzisi kunye nababoneleli bezisombululo iintloko malunga nendlela yokusombulula iindleko kunye nobunzima bokusasazwa. Ngeli xesha "ukuqengqeleka" kwinqanaba le-millimeter, ngaba kuyimfuneko? Kwaye i-UWB yenqanaba le-millimeter iza kuzisa ziphi amathuba emarike?
Kutheni kunzima ukufikelela kwi-UWB ye-millimeter-scale?
Njengendlela yokuchaneka okuphezulu, ukuchaneka okuphezulu, ukhuseleko oluphezulu, kunye nendlela yokulinganisa, ukubeka ngaphakathi kwe-UWB kunokufikelela ngokwethiyori ukuchaneka kwe-millimeter okanye i-micrometer, kodwa ekusetyenzisweni kwayo, ihlale kwinqanaba leesentimitha ixesha elide, ikakhulu ngenxa yezi zinto zilandelayo ezichaphazela ukuchaneka kokwenyani kwendawo yokuma ye-UWB:
1. Impembelelo yendlela yokusasazwa kwesensor ekuchanekeni kokubeka indawo
Kwinkqubo yokusombulula ukuchaneka kwendawo, ukwanda kwenani leenzwa kuthetha ukwanda kolwazi olungafunekiyo, kwaye ulwazi oluninzi olungafunekiyo lunokunciphisa ngakumbi impazamo yendawo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuchaneka kwendawo akwandi ngezona sensor zibalaseleyo, kwaye xa inani leenzwa linyuswa ukuya kwinani elithile, igalelo ekuchanekeni kwendawo alibi likhulu ngokwanda kweenzwa. Kwaye ukwanda kwenani leenzwa kuthetha ukuba iindleko zezixhobo ziyanda. Ke ngoko, indlela yokufumana ibhalansi phakathi kwenani leenzwa kunye nokuchaneka kwendawo, kwaye ngaloo ndlela ukuthunyelwa okufanelekileyo kweenzwa ze-UWB yeyona nto iphambili kuphando malunga nempembelelo yokuthunyelwa kweenzwa ekuchanekeni kwendawo.
2. Impembelelo yesiphumo seendlela ezininzi
Imiqondiso yokubeka i-UWB ultra-wideband ibonakaliswa kwaye irhoxiswa yimeko-bume ejikelezileyo efana neendonga, iglasi, kunye nezinto zangaphakathi ezifana needesktops ngexesha lenkqubo yokusasazeka, okubangela iziphumo ze-multipath. Isignali iyatshintsha ekulibazisekeni, kwi-amplitude, nakwi-phase, nto leyo ebangela ukuncitshiswa kwamandla kunye nokwehla komlinganiselo wesignali-kwingxolo, nto leyo ekhokelela ekubeni isignali yokuqala efikelelweyo ayithe ngqo, nto leyo ebangela iimpazamo zokujikeleza kunye nokwehla kokuchaneka kokubeka. Ke ngoko, ukucinywa okusebenzayo kwesiphumo se-multipath kunokuphucula ukuchaneka kokubeka, kwaye iindlela zangoku zokucinywa kwe-multipath ziquka kakhulu i-MUSIC, ESPRIT, kunye neendlela zokufumanisa umda.
3. Impembelelo ye-NLOS
Ukusasazwa komgca wokubona (i-LOS) yinto yokuqala, kwaye iyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kweziphumo zokulinganisa isignali, xa iimeko eziphakathi kwendawo eshukumayo kunye nesikhululo sesiseko zingenakufezekiswa, ukusasazeka kwesignali kunokugqityezelwa kuphela phantsi kweemeko ezingezizo zomgca wokubona ezifana nokurhawuzelelwa kunye nokusasazeka. Ngeli xesha, ixesha lokutshayelwa kokuqala alimeli ixabiso lokwenyani le-TOA, kwaye ulwalathiso lokutshayelwa kokuqala alulo ixabiso lokwenyani le-AOA, eliya kubangela impazamo ethile yokuma. Okwangoku, iindlela eziphambili zokususa impazamo engezizo zomgca wokubona yindlela yeWylie kunye nendlela yokususa ukuhambelana.
4. Impembelelo yomzimba womntu ekuchanekeni kokubekwa kwayo
Inxalenye ephambili yomzimba womntu ngamanzi, amanzi kwisignali ye-UWB engenazingcingo inefuthe elinamandla lokufunxa, okubangela ukuncitshiswa kwamandla esignali, ukuphambuka kolwazi, kunye nokuchaphazela isiphumo sokugqibela sokuma.
5. Impembelelo yokungena kwesignali ibe buthathaka
Nakuphi na ukungena kwesignali eludongeni nakwezinye izinto kuya kuba buthathaka, i-UWB ayifani nayo. Xa indawo ye-UWB ingena eludongeni oluqhelekileyo lwezitena, isignali iya kuba buthathaka malunga nesiqingatha. Utshintsho kwixesha lokudluliselwa kwesignali ngenxa yokungena eludongeni luya kuchaphazela ukuchaneka kwendawo.
Ngenxa yomzimba womntu, ukungena kwesignali okubangelwa kukuchaneka kwempembelelo kunzima ukuyiphepha, i-NXP kunye nenkampani yaseJamani iLaterationXYZ ziya kusebenzisa izisombululo ezintsha zoyilo lwesensor ukuphucula itekhnoloji ye-UWB, akukho mboniso uthile weziphumo ezintsha, ndingakhululwa kuphela kwiwebhusayithi esemthethweni yamanqaku obugcisa adlulileyo e-NXP ukuze ndenze uqikelelo olufanelekileyo.
Ngokuphathelele inkuthazo yokuphucula ukuchaneka kwe-UWB, ndikholelwa ukuba oku kuqala yi-NXP njengomdlali ophambili we-UWB kwihlabathi ukujongana nabavelisi basekhaya bangoku bokuvelisa izinto ezintsha ezinkulu kwimeko yokuqhambuka kunye nokhuselo lobuchwephesha. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, itekhnoloji yangoku ye-UWB isekwinqanaba lophuhliso elikhulayo, kwaye iindleko ezifanelekileyo, ukusetyenziswa, kunye nobukhulu azikazinziswa, ngeli xesha, abavelisi basekhaya baxhalabele ngakumbi iimveliso ze-UWB ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuze zisasazeke, zibambe imakethi, azinaxesha lokukhathalela ukuchaneka kwe-UWB ukuphucula ubugcisa. I-NXP, njengomnye wabadlali abaphambili kwicandelo le-UWB, inenkqubo yemveliso epheleleyo kunye neminyaka emininzi yokulima ngokunzulu amandla obuchwephesha aqokelelweyo, ikhululekile ngakumbi ukwenza ubugcisa be-UWB.
Okwesibini, i-NXP ngeli xesha ibhekisa kwi-UWB yenqanaba le-millimeter, ikwabona amandla angenasiphelo ophuhliso lwe-UWB lwexesha elizayo kwaye iqinisekile ukuba ukuphuculwa kokuchaneka kuya kuzisa izicelo ezintsha kwimarike.
Ngokoluvo lwam, impumelelo ye-UWB iya kuqhubeka iphucuka ngokuphuculwa "kweziseko ezintsha" ze-5G, kwaye yandise ngakumbi ixabiso layo kwinkqubo yokuphucula amashishini okunika amandla i-5G smart.
Ngaphambili, kwinethiwekhi ye-2G/3G/4G, iimeko zokubeka iiselula bezigxile kakhulu kwiifowuni ezingxamisekileyo, ukufikelela kwindawo esemthethweni, kunye nezinye izicelo, iimfuno zokuchaneka kweendawo aziphezulu, ngokusekelwe kubuchule bokubeka iikhowudi ze-Cell ID ukusuka kumashumi eemitha ukuya kumakhulu eemitha. Ngelixa i-5G isebenzisa iindlela ezintsha zokubhala iikhowudi, ukuhlanganiswa kwemitha, ii-antenna arrays ezinkulu, i-millimeter wave spectrum, kunye nezinye iitekhnoloji, i-bandwidth yayo enkulu kunye netekhnoloji ye-antenna array, zibonelela ngesiseko sokulinganisa umgama ochanekileyo kunye nokulinganisa i-angle echanekileyo. Ke ngoko, olunye ujikelezo lwe-UWB sprint kwicandelo lokuchaneka luxhaswa yimvelaphi yexesha elifanelekileyo, isiseko setekhnoloji, kunye namathuba aneleyo okusetyenziswa, kwaye olu buchule be-UWB sprint lunokuthathwa njengoyilo lwangaphambili ukuhlangabezana nokuphuculwa kobukrelekrele bedijithali.
Zeziphi iimarike eziza kuvulwa yiMillimeter UW?
Okwangoku, ukusasazwa kwemarike ye-UWB kuphawulwa kakhulu kukusasazwa kwe-B-end kunye noxinzelelo lwe-C-end. Kwisicelo, i-B-end ineemeko ezininzi zokusetyenziswa, kwaye i-C-end inendawo enobuchule ngakumbi yokwemba ukusebenza. Ngokoluvo lwam, olu tshintsho lugxile ekusebenzeni kokubeka ludibanisa iingenelo ze-UWB ekubekeni ngokuchanekileyo, okungazisi nje kuphela impumelelo yokusebenza kwizicelo ezikhoyo kodwa kudala namathuba e-UWB okuvula indawo entsha yesicelo.
Kwimarike ye-B-end, kwiipaki, kwiifektri, kumashishini, nakwezinye iimeko, imeko-bume engenazingcingo yendawo ethile iqinisekile, kwaye ukuchaneka kwendawo kunokuqinisekiswa rhoqo, ngelixa ezo ndawo zigcina imfuno ezinzileyo yokuqonda ngokuchanekileyo indawo, okanye iya kuba kwinqanaba le-millimeter. I-UWB kungekudala iza kujoliswa kwinzuzo yemarike.
Kwimeko yokwemba, ngokuqhubela phambili ukwakhiwa kwemigodi ekrelekrele, isisombululo sokudibanisa "i-5G+UWB positioning" sinokwenza inkqubo yemigodi ekrelekrele igqibezele indawo ngexesha elifutshane kakhulu, ifezekise indibaniselwano egqibeleleyo yendawo echanekileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi, kwaye iqonde iimpawu zokuchaneka okuphezulu, umthamo omkhulu kunye nexesha elide lokulinda, njl. Kwangaxeshanye, ngokusekelwe kulawulo lokhuseleko lwemigodi, ingasetyenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwemigodi kunye nolawulo lokhuseleko lwemigodi. Kwangaxeshanye, ngokusekelwe kwimfuno enzima yolawulo lokhuseleko lwemigodi, i-UWB iya kusetyenziswa nakulawulo lwemihla ngemihla lwabasebenzi, kunye nomzila wemoto. Okwangoku, ilizwe linomlinganiselo othile wemigodi yamalahle malunga nama-4000 okanye ngaphezulu, kwaye imfuno ephakathi yesikhululo ngasinye semigodi yamalahle imalunga ne-100 okanye ngaphezulu, apho kunokuqikelelwa ukuba imfuno iyonke yesikhululo semigodi yamalahle imalunga nama-400,000, inani labavukuzi bamalahle lilonke limalunga nezigidi ezi-4 zabantu okanye ngaphezulu, ngokutsho komntu omnye nelebheli enye, imfuno ye-UWB iphawula malunga nezigidi ezi-4 okanye ngaphezulu. Ngokutsho komsebenzisi wangoku wokuthenga ixabiso elinye lemarike, imakethi yamalahle kwimarike yezixhobo ze-UWB "base station + tag" ixabisa malunga ne-4 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi.
Ukumba nokwemba iimeko ezifanayo ezinobungozi obukhulu kunye nokutsalwa kweoyile, izikhululo zamandla, izikhululo zeekhemikhali, njl.njl., iimfuno zolawulo lokhuseleko lweemfuno zokuchaneka kokubeka ziphezulu, ukuchaneka kokubeka i-UWB ukuya kwinqanaba le-millimeter kuya kunceda ukudibanisa izibonelelo zayo kwiindawo ezinjalo.
Kwimiba yokuvelisa izinto kwimizi-mveliso, yokugcina impahla, kunye neyothutho, i-UWB ibe sisixhobo sokunciphisa iindleko kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Abasebenzi abasebenzisa izixhobo eziphathwayo ngetekhnoloji ye-UWB banokufumana ngokuchanekileyo kwaye babeke iindawo ezahlukeneyo; ukwakhiwa kwenkqubo yolawulo edibanisa itekhnoloji ye-UWB kulawulo lwe-warehouse kunokujonga ngokuchanekileyo zonke iintlobo zezixhobo kunye nabasebenzi kwiindawo zokugcina impahla ngexesha langempela, kwaye bafezekise ulawulo lwezinto ezikhoyo, ulawulo lwabasebenzi, kwaye kwangaxeshanye bafezekise ukujika kwezinto ezingenabantu ngendlela efanelekileyo nengenazimpazamo ngezixhobo ze-AGV, ezinokuphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso.
Ukongeza, ukutsiba kwe-UWB nge-millimeter kunokuvula izicelo ezintsha kwicandelo lothutho lukaloliwe. Okwangoku, inkqubo yolawulo olusebenzayo lukaloliwe ixhomekeke kakhulu ekubekweni kwesathelayithi ukuze igqitywe, kwimeko-bume ye-tunnel engaphantsi komhlaba kunye nezakhiwo eziphakamileyo zasezidolophini, ii-canyons, kunye nezinye iindawo, ukubeka isathelayithi kusengozini yokungaphumeleli. Itekhnoloji ye-UWB kuloliwe ukubeka kunye nokuhambahamba kwe-CBTC, ikholamu yokuphepha ukungqubana kunye nesilumkiso sangaphambi kokungqubana, ukuma ngokuchanekileyo kololiwe, njl.njl., kunokubonelela ngenkxaso yobugcisa ethembekileyo ngakumbi yokhuseleko kunye nolawulo lokuthuthwa kukaloliwe. Okwangoku, olu hlobo lwesicelo eYurophu nase-United States lunamatyala ezicelo asasazekileyo.
Kwimarike ye-C-terminal, ukuchaneka kwe-UWB ukuya kwinqanaba le-millimeter kuya kuvula iimeko ezintsha zesicelo ngaphandle kwezitshixo zedijithali kwindawo yesithuthi. Umzekelo, ukupaka i-valet ngokuzenzekelayo, intlawulo ngokuzenzekelayo, njalo njalo. Kwangaxeshanye, ngokusekelwe kubuchwepheshe bobukrelekrele bokwenziwa, inokukwazi "ukufunda" iipateni kunye nemikhwa yokuhamba yomsebenzisi, kwaye iphucule ukusebenza kobuchwepheshe bokuqhuba ngokuzenzekelayo.
Kwicandelo le-elektroniki yabathengi, i-UWB isenokuba yiteknoloji eqhelekileyo yeefowuni eziphathwayo phantsi koxinzelelo lokunxibelelana kwezitshixo zemoto zedijithali phakathi kwemoto nomatshini. Ukongeza ekuvuleni indawo ebanzi yesicelo sokubeka kunye nokukhangela iimveliso, ukuphuculwa kokuchaneka kwe-UWB kunokuvula nendawo entsha yesicelo kwiimeko zokunxibelelana kwezixhobo. Umzekelo, uluhlu oluchanekileyo lwe-UWB lunokulawula ngokuchanekileyo umgama phakathi kwezixhobo, ukulungisa ukwakhiwa kwe-augmented reality scene, ukuze umdlalo, iaudio, kunye nevidiyo zizise amava angcono okuvakalelwa.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Sep-04-2023