Umthombo: Ulink Media
Kwixesha lasemva kobhubhane, sikholelwa ukuba ii-infrared sensors ziyimfuneko yonke imihla. Kwinkqubo yokuhamba, kufuneka siphinde silinganise ubushushu ngaphambi kokuba sifike apho siya khona. Njengomlinganiselo wobushushu onenani elikhulu lee-infrared sensors, eneneni, kukho imisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo. Okulandelayo, masijonge kakuhle i-infrared sensor.
Intshayelelo kwi-Infrared Sensors
Nantoni na engaphezulu kwe-absolute zero (-273°C) ikhupha amandla e-infrared rhoqo kwindawo ejikelezileyo, ngokungathi kunjalo. Kwaye i-infrared sensor, iyakwazi ukuziva amandla e-infrared ento kwaye iyiguqule ibe zizinto zombane. I-infrared sensor iqulathe inkqubo ye-optical, i-detecting element kunye ne-conversion circuit.
Inkqubo yokubona ingahlulwa-hlulwa ibe luhlobo lothumelo kunye nohlobo lokubonakalisa ngokwesakhiwo esahlukileyo. Uthumelo lufuna izinto ezimbini, enye ethumela i-infrared kunye nenye efumana i-infrared. Kwelinye icala, i-reflector ifuna i-sensor enye kuphela ukuze iqokelele ulwazi olufunekayo.
Into yokubona inokwahlulwa ibe yinto yokubona ubushushu kunye nento yokubona umbane ngokwemigaqo yokusebenza. Iithermistors zezona thermistors zisetyenziswa kakhulu. Xa ithermistor iphantsi kwemitha ye-infrared, ubushushu buyanda, kwaye ukumelana kuyatshintsha (olu tshintsho lunokuba lukhulu okanye luncinci, kuba ithermistor inokwahlulwa ibe yi-thermistor yobushushu obufanelekileyo kunye ne-thermistor yobushushu obungalunganga), enokuguqulwa ibe yimveliso yesignali yombane ngesekethe yokuguqula. Izinto zokubona umbane zihlala zisetyenziswa njengezinto ezibona ubushushu, zihlala zenziwe nge-lead sulfide, i-lead selenide, i-indium arsenide, i-antimony arsenide, i-mercury cadmium telluride ternary alloy, i-germanium kunye nezinto ezifakwe kwi-silicon.
Ngokweesekethe ezahlukeneyo zokucubungula isignali kunye nokuguqula, izinzwa ze-infrared zinokwahlulwa zibe ziintlobo ze-analog kunye nezedijithali. Isekethe yokucubungula isignali ye-analog pyroelectric infrared sensor yityhubhu yesiphumo sentsimi, ngelixa isekethe yokucubungula isignali ye-digital pyroelectric infrared sensor iyitshiphu yedijithali.
Imisebenzi emininzi ye-infrared sensor yenziwa ngokusebenzisa ii-permutations ezahlukeneyo kunye nokudibanisa izinto ezintathu ezibuthathaka: inkqubo ye-optical, i-detection element kunye ne-conversion circuit. Makhe sijonge ezinye iindawo apho ii-infrared sensors zenze umahluko khona.
Ukusetyenziswa kweSensor ye-Infrared
1. Ukufunyanwa kwegesi
Umgaqo we-infrared optical we-gas sensor luhlobo olusekelwe kwiimpawu zokufunxa ezikhethiweyo ze-spectral ezikufutshane ne-infrared zeemolekyuli zegesi ezahlukeneyo, ukusetyenziswa koxinzelelo lwegesi kunye nolwalamano lwamandla okufunxa (umthetho weLambert - umthetho weLambert Beer) ukuchonga nokumisela uxinzelelo lwesixhobo sokubona igesi secandelo legesi.
Iisensa ze-infrared zingasetyenziselwa ukufumana imephu yohlalutyo lwe-infrared njengoko kubonisiwe kumfanekiso ongentla. Iimolekyuli ezenziwe ngeeathom ezahlukeneyo ziya kutsalwa yi-infrared phantsi kokukhanyiswa kokukhanya kwe-infrared kwi-frequency efanayo, nto leyo ekhokelela kutshintsho kubunzulu bokukhanya kwe-infrared. Ngokweencopho ezahlukeneyo zamaza, iintlobo zegesi ezikumxube zinokumiselwa.
Ngokwendawo yencochoyi enye yokufunxwa kwe-infrared, kuphela ngamaqela akhoyo kwimolekyuli yegesi anokumiselwa. Ukuze simisele ngokuchanekileyo uhlobo lwegesi, kufuneka sijonge iindawo zazo zonke iincochoyi zokufunxwa kummandla we-infrared ophakathi wegesi, oko kukuthi, iminwe yokufunxwa kwe-infrared yegesi. Nge-spectrum ye-infrared, umxholo wegesi nganye kumxube unokuhlalutywa ngokukhawuleza.
Izinzwa zegesi ezifakwe kwi-infrared zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwishishini le-petrochemical, i-metallurgical, imigodi yeemeko zokusebenza, ukujonga ungcoliseko lomoya kunye nokuchonga okunxulumene nokungafihlisi ikhabhoni, ezolimo nakwamanye amashishini. Okwangoku, ii-laser ze-mid-infrared zibiza kakhulu. Ndikholelwa ukuba kwixesha elizayo, ngenani elikhulu lamashishini asebenzisa izinzwa ze-infrared ukufumanisa igesi, izinzwa zegesi ezifakwe kwi-infrared ziya kuba ngcono kwaye zibize kancinci.
2. Umlinganiselo woMgama we-Infrared
I-infrared ranging sensor luhlobo lwesixhobo sokuva, kukusebenzisa i-infrared njengendlela yokulinganisa, uluhlu olubanzi lokulinganisa, ixesha elifutshane lokuphendula, esetyenziswa kakhulu kwisayensi yanamhlanje kunye netekhnoloji, ukhuselo lwesizwe kunye namacandelo emizi-mveliso kunye nezolimo.
I-infrared ranging sensor inee-diode ezimbini ze-infrared signal transmitting and receiving signal, isebenzisa i-infrared ranging sensor ukukhupha ukukhanya kwe-infrared, yenze inkqubo yokubonakalisa emva kokukhanyisa into, ibonakalisa kwi-sensor emva kokufumana i-signal, ize emva koko isebenzise i-CCD image processing efumana idatha yokudlulisa nokufumana umahluko wexesha. Umgama wento ubalwa emva kokucubungula yi-signal processor. Oku kungasetyenziswa kungekuphela nje kwiindawo zendalo, kodwa nakwiiphaneli ezibonisa ukukhanya. Umgama wokulinganisa, impendulo ephezulu, efanelekileyo kwiindawo zoshishino ezinzima.
3. Uthumelo lwe-Infrared
Ukuhanjiswa kwedatha kusetyenziswa izinzwa ze-infrared nako kusetyenziswa kakhulu. Ulawulo olukude lweTV lusebenzisa imiqondiso yokudluliselwa kwe-infrared ukulawula iTV kude; Iifowuni eziphathwayo zinokudlulisela idatha ngokudluliselwa kwe-infrared. Ezi zizicelo ebezikho ukususela oko ubuchwepheshe be-infrared baphuhliswa okokuqala.
4. Umfanekiso oshushu we-Infrared
I-Thermal imager sisixhobo esingenamsebenzi esinokubamba imitha ye-infrared ekhutshwa zizinto zonke ezinobushushu obuphezulu kune-absolute zero. I-thermal imager yasungulwa ekuqaleni njengesixhobo sokujonga umkhosi kunye nokubona ebusuku, kodwa njengoko yayisetyenziswa kakhulu, ixabiso lehla, ngaloo ndlela yandisa kakhulu indawo yesicelo. Izicelo ze-thermal imager ziquka izilwanyana, ezolimo, izakhiwo, ukufunyanwa kwegesi, ukusetyenziswa kwemizi-mveliso kunye nomkhosi, kunye nokufunyanwa kwabantu, ukulandelela kunye nokuchonga. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, umfanekiso we-infrared thermal uye wasetyenziswa kwiindawo ezininzi zikawonke-wonke ukulinganisa ngokukhawuleza ubushushu beemveliso.
5. Ukufakelwa kwe-Infrared
Iswitshi yokungenisa i-infrared yiswitshi yokulawula ezenzekelayo esekelwe kwitekhnoloji yokungenisa i-infrared. Iyenza isebenze ngokuzenzekelayo ngokuva ubushushu be-infrared obuphuma kwihlabathi langaphandle. Ingavula ngokukhawuleza izibane, iingcango ezizenzekelayo, ii-alamu zokulwa nobusela kunye nezinye izixhobo zombane.
Ngelensi yeFresnel ye-infrared sensor, ukukhanya kwe-infrared okusasazekayo okuphuma emzimbeni womntu kunokuvakala yiswitshi, ukuze kufezekiswe imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yokulawula ngokuzenzekelayo efana nokuvula isibane. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngokuthandwa kwekhaya elikrelekrele, ukuva kwe-infrared kusetyenziswe nakwiimbiza zenkunkuma ezikrelekrele, izindlu zangasese ezikrelekrele, iiswitshi ze-smart gesture, iingcango zokungenisa kunye nezinye iimveliso ezikrelekrele. Ukuva kwe-infrared akupheleli nje ekuvezweni kwabantu, kodwa kuhlaziywa rhoqo ukuze kufezekiswe imisebenzi emininzi.
Isiphelo
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, imboni ye-Intanethi yezinto iphuhlile ngokukhawuleza kwaye inethuba elikhulu lemarike. Kule meko, imakethi ye-infrared sensor nayo ikhule ngakumbi. Ke ngoko, isikali semakethi ye-infrared detector yaseTshayina siyaqhubeka nokukhula. Ngokwedatha, ngo-2019, ubungakanani bemakethi ye-infrared detector yaseTshayina buphantse bube yi-400 yezigidi zeeyuan, ngo-2020 okanye phantse yi-500 yezigidi zeeyuan. Idityaniswe nesidingo sokulinganisa ubushushu be-infrared bobhubhane kunye nokungathinteli i-carbon ukuze kufunyanwe igesi ye-infrared, ubungakanani bemakethi ye-infrared sensors buya kuba bukhulu kwixesha elizayo.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Meyi-16-2022