Indlela yokufaka i-Anti-Reverse (i-Zero-Export) Iimitha zamandla kwiiNkqubo ze-PV - Isikhokelo esipheleleyo

Intshayelelo

Njengoko i-photovoltaic (PV) yokwamkelwa ikhawuleza, iiprojekthi ezininzi zijongenekungabikho iimfuno zokuthumela ngaphandle. Izinto eziluncedo zihlala zithintela umbane ogqithisileyo welanga ukuba ubuyele umva kwigridi, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezineenguqu ezigcweleyo, ubunini obungacacanga bamalungelo onxibelelwano lwegridi, okanye imithetho engqongqo yobulunga bamandla. Esi sikhokelo sichaza indlela yokuhlohlaanti-reverse (zero-export) iimitha zamandla, izisombululo ezingundoqo ezikhoyo, kunye nolungelelwaniso oluchanekileyo lweendlela ezahlukeneyo zePV kunye nezicelo.

1. Iingqwalasela eziphambili phambi koFakelo

Iimeko eziSinyanzelo zokuThumela ngaphandle ngaphandle

• Ukuzaliswa kweTransformer: Xa ii-transformer zendawo sele zisebenza kumthamo ophezulu, amandla abuyele umva anokubangela ukugcwala, ukukhubeka, okanye ukusilela kwesixhobo.

• Ukuzithengela kuphela (akukho kuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwegridi kuvunyelweyo): Iiprojekthi ngaphandle kokuvunywa kwegridi kufuneka zisebenzise onke amandla enziwe ekuhlaleni.

• Ukukhuselwa komgangatho wamandla: Amandla okubuyisela umva anokwazisa amacandelo e-DC, i-harmonics, okanye imithwalo engalungelelananga, ukuthoba umgangatho wegridi.

Uluhlu lokuHlolwa kwangaphambili

• Ukuhambelana kwesixhobo: Qinisekisa ukuba umthamo olinganisiweyo wemitha uhambelana nobungakanani benkqubo yePV (isigaba esinye ≤8kW, isigaba sesithathu> 8kW). Jonga unxibelelwano lwe-inverter (RS485 okanye ilingana).

• Okusingqongileyo: Kufakelo lwangaphandle, lungiselela iindawo ezivaliweyo ezikhusela imozulu. Kwiinkqubo ezininzi ze-inverter, cwangcisa i-RS485 i-wiring yebhasi okanye i-Ethernet concentrators data.

• Ukuthotyelwa kunye nokhuseleko: Qinisekisa indawo yodibaniso lwegridi ngesixhobo, kwaye khangela ukuba uluhlu lomthwalo lungqamana nokuveliswa kwePV elindelekileyo.

2. Izisombululo ezingundoqo zeZero-Export

Isisombululo 1: Ukunciphisa amandla ngoLawulo lwe-Inverter

• Umgaqo: Imitha ehlakaniphile ilinganisa umkhombandlela wexesha langoku. Xa i-reverse flow ifunyenwe, imitha inxibelelana nge-RS485 (okanye ezinye iiprotocol) kunye ne-inverter, enciphisa amandla ayo aphumayo de i-export = 0.

• Sebenzisa iimeko: Iindawo ezizaliswe yi-Transformer-saturated, iiprojekthi zokuzithengela kunye nemithwalo ezinzileyo.

• Iingenelo: Ilula, indleko ephantsi, impendulo ekhawulezayo, akukho mfuneko yokugcina.

Isisombululo sesi-2: Ukufakwa koMlayisho okanye ukuHlanganiswa koGcino lwaMandla

• Umgaqo: Imitha ihlola okwangoku kwindawo yoqhagamshelwano lwegridi. Esikhundleni sokunciphisa i-inverter output, amandla angaphezulu athunyelwa kwiinkqubo zokugcina okanye imithwalo yokulahla (umzekelo, izifudumezi, izixhobo zoshishino).

• Sebenzisa iimeko: Iiprojekthi ezinomthwalo oguquguqukayo kakhulu, okanye apho ukwandisa ukwenziwa kwePV kubaluleke kakhulu.

• Iingenelo: Abaguquleli bahlala kwimodi yeMPPT, amandla awachithwanga, inkqubo ephezulu ye-ROI.

3. Iimeko zoFakelo ngobungakanani beNkqubo

Iinkqubo zoMguquli omnye (≤100 kW)

• Uqwalaselo: 1 inverter + 1 bidirectional smart meter.

• Indawo yemitha: Phakathi kwe-inverter imveliso ye-AC kunye ne-breaker main. Akukho eminye imithwalo kufuneka idityaniswe phakathi.

• Umyalelo wocingo: I-PV inverter → Iziguquli zangoku (ukuba zisetyenzisiwe) → imitha yamandla eSmart → Isaphuli esingundoqo → Imithwalo yasekuhlaleni / Igridi.

• Ingqiqo: Imitha ilinganisa ulwalathiso kunye namandla, emva koko i-inverter ilungisa imveliso ukuze ifanise umthwalo.

• Inzuzo: Iingcingo ezilula, ixabiso eliphantsi, impendulo ekhawulezayo.

Iinkqubo zokuguquguqula izinto ezininzi (>100 kW)

• Uqwalaselo: Ii-inverters ezininzi + 1 imitha yamandla ehlakaniphile + 1 isigxininisi sedatha.

• Indawo yemitha: Kwindawo yokudibanisa igridi eqhelekileyo (zonke iziphumo ze-inverter zidityanisiwe).

• Iintambo: Iziphumo zoguqulo → Ibha yebhasi → imitha yamacala amabini → isigxininisi sedatha → Isaphuli esingundoqo → Igridi/iMilayisho.

• Ingqiqo: I-concentrator yedatha iqokelela idatha yemitha kwaye isasaze imiyalelo kwi-inverter nganye ngokulinganayo.

• Inzuzo: I-scalable, ulawulo oluphakathi, izicwangciso zeparameter eziguquguqukayo.

4. Ukufakwa kwiindidi zeeProjekthi ezahlukeneyo

IiProjekthi zokuZisebenzisa kuphela

• Imfuneko: Akukho kuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwegridi.

• Indawo yemitha: Phakathi kwe-inverter imveliso ye-AC kunye ne-breaker loader yendawo. Akukho tshintsho lodibaniso lwegridi lusetyenziswayo.

• Khangela: Uvavanyo phantsi kwesizukulwana esipheleleyo ngaphandle komthwalo - i-inverter kufuneka inciphise amandla ukuya kwi-zero.

IiProjekthi zeTransformer Saturation

• Imfuneko: Uqhagamshelo lwegridi luvumelekile, kodwa amandla abuyela umva akwalelwe ngokungqongqo.

• Indawo yemitha: Phakathi kwemveliso ye-inverter kunye ne-breaker connection breaker.

• Ingqiqo: Ukuba umva amandla afunyenwe, i-inverter iyanciphisa imveliso; njenge-backup, i-breakers inokuqhawula ukunqanda uxinzelelo lwe-transformer.

UkuZityela ngokweSintu + iiProjekthi zokuThumela ngaphandle kweGridi

• Imfuneko: Ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kuvumelekile, kodwa kulinganiselwe.

• Ukuseta imitha: Imitha yokungabuyi umva efakwe kuthotho kunye nesixhobo sokulinganisa intlawulo ye-bidirectional meter.

• Ingqiqo: Imitha ye-anti-reverse ithintela ukuthumela ngaphandle; kuphela kwimeko yokusilela apho imitha yosetyenziso irekhoda ukondla-ngaphakathi.

5. Ii-FAQs

I-Q1: Ngaba imitha ngokwayo iyeka ukubuya umva?
Hayi. Isilinganisi-manzi silinganisa intsingiselo yamandla kwaye siyichaze. I-inverter okanye umlawuli wenza isenzo.

I-Q2: Inkqubo inokusabela ngokukhawuleza kangakanani?
Ngokuqhelekileyo ngaphakathi kwe-1-2 imizuzwana, kuxhomekeke kwisantya sonxibelelwano kunye ne-firmware ye-inverter.

I-Q3: Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lokungaphumeleli kwenethiwekhi?
Unxibelelwano lwengingqi (RS485 okanye ulawulo oluthe ngqo) luqinisekisa ukhuseleko oluqhubekayo nangaphandle kwe-intanethi.

I-Q4: Ngaba ezi mitha zingasebenza kwiinkqubo zesigaba sokwahlula (120/240V)?
Ewe, iimodeli ezithile ziyilelwe ukuphatha ulungelelwaniso lwesigaba sokwahlula-hlula olusetyenziswa kuMntla Melika.

Ukuqukumbela

Ukungabikho kokuthotyelwa kokuthumela ngaphandle kuya kuba yimfuneko kwiiprojekthi ezininzi ze-PV. Ngokufaka i-anti-reverse smart yeemitha zamandla kwindawo echanekileyo kwaye uzidibanise nee-inverters, imithwalo yokulahla, okanye ukugcinwa,Ii-EPC, iikontraka, kunye nabaphuhlisiinokuhambisa iinkqubo zelanga ezithembekileyo, ezithobela umthetho. Ezi zisombululo hayi kuphelakhusela igridikodwa kwakhonaukwandisa ukuzitya kunye ne-ROIkubasebenzisi bokugqibela.