Ikhaya elihlakaniphileyo liyindlu njengeqonga, ukusetyenziswa kobuchwepheshe bocingo oludibeneyo, iteknoloji yonxibelelwano lwenethiwekhi, iteknoloji yokhuseleko, iteknoloji yokulawula ngokuzenzekelayo, iteknoloji yeaudio kunye nevidiyo ukudibanisa izibonelelo ezinxulumene nobomi bendlu, ishedyuli yokwakha izakhiwo zokuhlala ezisebenzayo kunye nenkqubo yolawulo lwemicimbi yosapho, ukuphucula ukhuseleko lwendlu, ukulula, intuthuzelo, ubugcisa, kunye nokufezekisa ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo kunye nendawo yokuhlala yokonga amandla. Ngokusekelwe kwinkcazo yamva nje yendlu ehlakaniphileyo, jonga iimpawu zobuchwepheshe beZigBee, uyilo lwale nkqubo, imfuneko iqulethe inkqubo yekhaya ehlakaniphileyo (inkqubo yolawulo lwekhaya elihlakaniphileyo (ephakathi), inkqubo yolawulo lokukhanyisa kwendlu, iinkqubo zokhuseleko lwasekhaya), ngokusekelwe kwinkqubo yocingo yendlu edibeneyo, inkqubo yenethiwekhi yasekhaya, inkqubo yomculo wangasemva kunye nenkqubo yolawulo lwendalo yosapho. Ngokuqinisekisa ukuba uhlala kwingqondo, ufake yonke inkqubo efunekayo kuphela, kwaye inkqubo yendlu efake inkqubo yokuzikhethela yohlobo olunye nangaphezulu ubuncinci inokubiza ubomi bobukrelekrele. Ke ngoko, le nkqubo inokubizwa ngokuba likhaya elikrelekrele.
1. Inkqubo yoYilo lweNkqubo
Le nkqubo yenziwe zizixhobo ezilawulwayo kunye nezixhobo zokulawula kude ekhayeni. Phakathi kwazo, izixhobo ezilawulwayo kusapho ziquka ikhompyutha enokufikelela kwi-Intanethi, iziko lolawulo, indawo yokubeka esweni kunye nomlawuli wezixhobo zasekhaya ezinokongezwa. Izixhobo zokulawula kude zenziwe ikakhulu ziikhompyutha ezikude kunye neefowuni eziphathwayo.
Imisebenzi ephambili yale nkqubo yile: 1) iphepha elingaphambili lokukhangela iphepha lewebhu, ulawulo lolwazi olungasemva; 2) Ukulawula iswitshi yezixhobo zasekhaya zangaphakathi, ukhuseleko kunye nokukhanyisa nge-intanethi kunye nefowuni ephathwayo; 3) Ngemodyuli ye-RFID ukuze ufumane ukuchongwa komsebenzisi, ukuze ugqibezele iswitshi yesimo sokhuseleko lwangaphakathi, xa kuthe kwabiwa nge-alamu ye-SMS kumsebenzisi; 4) Ngesoftware yenkqubo yolawulo oluphakathi ukuze ugqibezele ulawulo lwendawo kunye nokuboniswa kwesimo sezibane zangaphakathi kunye nezixhobo zasekhaya; 5) Ukugcinwa kolwazi lomntu kunye nokugcinwa kwesimo sezixhobo zangaphakathi kugqitywa ngokusebenzisa isiseko sedatha. Kulula ukuba abasebenzisi babuze imeko yezixhobo zangaphakathi ngenkqubo yolawulo nolawulo oluphakathi.
2. Uyilo lwezixhobo zenkqubo
Uyilo lwezixhobo zekhompyutha zenkqubo luquka uyilo lweziko lolawulo, i-node yokubeka esweni kunye nokongezwa komlawuli wezixhobo zasekhaya (thabatha umlawuli wefeni yombane njengomzekelo).
2.1 IZiko loLawulo
Imisebenzi ephambili yeziko lolawulo yile ilandelayo: 1) Ukwakha inethiwekhi yeZigBee engenazingcingo, ukongeza zonke iindawo zokubeka esweni kwinethiwekhi, kunye nokuqonda ukwamkelwa kwezixhobo ezintsha; 2) ukuchongwa komsebenzisi, umsebenzisi ekhaya okanye emva ngekhadi lomsebenzisi ukuze afikelele kutshintsho lokhuseleko lwangaphakathi; 3) Xa isela lingena egumbini, thumela umyalezo omfutshane kumsebenzisi ukuze alumkise. Abasebenzisi banokulawula ukhuseleko lwangaphakathi, izibane kunye nezixhobo zasekhaya ngemiyalezo emifutshane; 4) Xa inkqubo isebenza yodwa, i-LCD ibonisa imeko yangoku yenkqubo, elungele abasebenzisi ukuyijonga; 5) Gcina imeko yezixhobo zombane kwaye uyithumele kwi-PC ukuze ifezekise inkqubo kwi-intanethi.
Le hardware ixhasa i-Carrier sense multiple access/Collision detection (CSMA/CA). I-voltage yokusebenza ye-2.0 ~ 3.6V ilungele ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi kwenkqubo. Misela inethiwekhi yeenkwenkwezi ze-ZigBee ezingenazingcingo ngaphakathi ngokuqhagamshela kwimodyuli yokulungelelanisa ye-ZigBee kwiziko lolawulo. Kwaye zonke ii-nodes zokubeka esweni, ezikhethiweyo ukongeza isilawuli sezixhobo zasekhaya njenge-node yesiphelo kwinethiwekhi ukuze zijoyine inethiwekhi, ukuze kufezekiswe ulawulo lwenethiwekhi ye-ZigBee engenazingcingo yokhuseleko lwangaphakathi kunye nezixhobo zasekhaya.
2.2 IiNode zokubeka esweni
Imisebenzi ye-node yokubeka esweni yile ilandelayo: 1) ukufumanisa isignali yomzimba womntu, isandi kunye ne-alamu yokukhanya xa amasela ehlasela; 2) ulawulo lokukhanyisa, imo yolawulo yahlulwe yaba lulawulo oluzenzekelayo kunye nolawulo lwesandla, ulawulo oluzenzekelayo luvula/lucima ukukhanya ngokuzenzekelayo ngokwemandla okukhanya kwangaphakathi, ulawulo lokukhanyisa olulawulwa ngesandla luhamba ngenkqubo yolawulo oluphakathi, (3) ulwazi lwe-alamu kunye nolunye ulwazi oluthunyelwa kwiziko lolawulo, kwaye lufumana imiyalelo yolawulo kwiziko lolawulo ukuze kugqitywe ulawulo lwezixhobo.
Imo yokufumanisa i-infrared kunye ne-microwave yeyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo yokufumanisa isignali yomzimba womntu. Iprobe ye-pyroelectric infrared yi-RE200B, kwaye isixhobo sokukhulisa yi-BISS0001. I-RE200B inikwe amandla yi-voltage ye-3-10 V kwaye ine-infrared element eyakhelwe ngaphakathi ye-pyroelectric dual-sensitive. Xa i-element ifumana ukukhanya kwe-infrared, isiphumo se-photoelectric siya kwenzeka kwiipali ze-element nganye kwaye itshaja iya kuqokelelana. I-BISS0001 yi-digital-analog hybrid asIC eyenziwe yi-operational amplifier, i-voltage comparator, i-state controller, i-delay time time timer kunye ne-blocking time time timer. Kunye ne-RE200B kunye nezinye izinto ezimbalwa, i-passive pyroelectric infrared switch inokwenziwa. I-Ant-g100 module yasetyenziselwa i-microwave sensor, i-center frequency yayiyi-10 GHz, kwaye ixesha eliphezulu lokusekwa yayiyi-6μs. Idityaniswe ne-pyroelectric infrared module, izinga leempazamo zokufunyanwa kwethagethi linokuncipha ngempumelelo.
Imodyuli yokulawula ukukhanya yenziwe ikakhulu yi-resistor ethambileyo kunye ne-relay yokulawula ukukhanya. Qhagamshela i-resistor ethambileyo ngochungechunge kunye ne-resistor ehlengahlengiswayo ye-10 K ω, uze uqhagamshele elinye icala le-resistor ethambileyo emhlabeni, uze uqhagamshele elinye icala le-resistor ehlengahlengiswayo kwinqanaba eliphezulu. Ixabiso le-voltage lamanqaku amabini oqhagamshelo lokumelana lifunyanwa nge-converter ye-analog-to-digital ye-SCM ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba ukukhanya kwangoku kuvuliwe na. Ukumelana okuhlengahlengiswayo kunokulungiswa ngumsebenzisi ukuze kuhlangatyezwane nokukhanya okukhulu xa ukukhanya kuvuliwe nje. Iiswitshi zokukhanyisa zangaphakathi zilawulwa zii-relay. Isango elinye kuphela lokufaka/lokukhupha elinokufezekiswa.
2.3 Khetha uMlawuli weZixhobo zaseKhaya ezongeziweyo
Khetha ukongeza ulawulo lwezixhobo zasekhaya ngokuyintloko ngokwemisebenzi yesixhobo ukuze kufezekiswe ulawulo lwesixhobo, apha kufeni yombane njengomzekelo. Ulawulo lwefeni luphakathi kolawulo luya kuba yimiyalelo yolawulo lwefeni yePC ethunyelwe kumlawuli wefeni yombane ngokusebenzisa ukuphunyezwa kwenethiwekhi yeZigBee, inombolo yokuchonga izixhobo ezahlukeneyo yahlukile, umzekelo, imiqathango yesi sivumelwano inombolo yokuchonga ifeni yi-122, inombolo yokuchonga iTV yombala wasekhaya yi-123, ngaloo ndlela kuqatshelwa ukuqatshelwa kweziko lokulawula izixhobo zasekhaya ezahlukeneyo zombane. Kwikhowudi yomyalelo efanayo, izixhobo zasekhaya ezahlukeneyo zenza imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. Umfanekiso 4 ubonisa ukwakheka kwezixhobo zasekhaya ezikhethiweyo ukuba zongezwe.
3. Uyilo lwesoftware yenkqubo
Uyilo lwesoftware yenkqubo luquka ikakhulu iindawo ezintandathu, ezizezi: uyilo lwephepha lewebhu lolawulo olukude, uyilo lwenkqubo yolawulo oluphakathi, uyilo lwenkqubo ye-ATMegal28, uyilo lwenkqubo yomququzeleli we-CC2430, uyilo lwenkqubo ye-CC2430 yokujonga indawo, uyilo lwenkqubo yesixhobo sokongeza ukhetho lwe-CC2430.
3.1 Uyilo lwenkqubo yoMququzeleli weZigBee
Umququzeleli uqala ngokugqibezela ukuqaliswa komaleko wesicelo, usete imeko kamaleko wesicelo aze amkele imeko ukuba ingasebenzi, aze avule ukuphazamiseka kwehlabathi aze aqalise izibuko le-I/O. Umququzeleli emva koko uqala ukwakha inethiwekhi yeenkwenkwezi ezingenazingcingo. Kwiprotokholi, umququzeleli ukhetha ngokuzenzekelayo ibhendi ye-2.4 GHz, inani eliphezulu leebhithi ngomzuzwana yi-62 500, i-PANID emiselweyo yi-0×1347, ubunzulu obukhulu be-stack yi-5, inani eliphezulu lee-bytes ngokuthunyelwa yi-93, kwaye izinga le-baud yezibuko ze-serial yi-57 600 bit/s. I-SL0W TIMER ivelisa ukuphazamiseka kwe-10 ngomzuzwana. Emva kokuba inethiwekhi ye-ZigBee imiselwe ngempumelelo, umququzeleli uthumela idilesi yakhe kwi-MCU yeziko lolawulo. Apha, iziko lolawulo i-MCU ichonga uMququzeleli weZigBee njengelungu le-node yokubeka iliso, kwaye idilesi yayo echongiweyo yi-0. Inkqubo ingena kwi-main loop. Okokuqala, misela ukuba kukho idatha entsha ethunyelwe yi-terminal node, ukuba ikhona, idatha idluliselwa ngqo kwi-MCU yeziko lolawulo; Qinisekisa ukuba i-MCU yeziko lolawulo inemiyalelo ethunyelweyo na, ukuba kunjalo, thumela imiyalelo ezantsi kwi-node yesiphelo seZigBee ehambelanayo; Gweba ukuba ukhuseleko luvuliwe na, nokuba kukho umqhekezi, ukuba kunjalo, thumela ulwazi lwe-alamu kwi-MCU yeziko lolawulo; Gweba ukuba ukukhanya kukwimeko yokulawula ngokuzenzekelayo na, ukuba kunjalo, vula i-analog-to-digital converter ukuze ufumane isampuli, ixabiso lesampuli lisitshixo sokuvula okanye ukucima ukukhanya, ukuba imeko yokukhanya iyatshintsha, ulwazi olutsha lwemeko ludluliselwa kwiziko lolawulo i-MC-U.
3.2 Inkqubo yeZigBee Terminal Node Programming
I-node yesiphelo seZigBee ibhekisa kwi-node yeZigBee engenazingcingo elawulwa ngumququzeleli weZigBee. Kwinkqubo, ikakhulu yi-node yokubeka esweni kunye nokongezwa komlawuli wezixhobo zasekhaya ngokuzithandela. Ukuqaliswa kwee-node zesiphelo seZigBee kukwabandakanya ukuqaliswa komaleko wesicelo, ukuvulwa kweziphazamiso, kunye nokuqaliswa kwee-ports ze-I/O. Emva koko zama ukujoyina inethiwekhi yeZigBee. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba zii-node zokugqibela kuphela ezine-setup ye-coordinator yeZigBee ezivunyelwe ukujoyina inethiwekhi. Ukuba i-node yesiphelo seZigBee ayiphumeleli ukujoyina inethiwekhi, iya kuzama kwakhona rhoqo emva kwemizuzwana emibini ide ijoyine ngempumelelo inethiwekhi. Emva kokujoyina inethiwekhi ngempumelelo, i-node yesiphelo seZI-Gbee ithumela ulwazi lwayo lokubhalisa kuMququzeleli weZigBee, oze emva koko ayithumele kwi-MCU yeziko lolawulo ukuze agqibezele ukubhaliswa kwe-node yesiphelo seZigBee. Ukuba i-node yesiphelo seZigBee yi-node yokubeka esweni, inokulawula ukukhanya kunye nokhuseleko. Le nkqubo ifana nomququzeleli weZigBee, ngaphandle kokuba i-node yokubeka esweni kufuneka ithumele idatha kumququzeleli weZigBee, kwaye uMququzeleli weZigBee uthumela idatha kwi-MCU yeziko lolawulo. Ukuba i-node yesiphelo seZigBee ilawula ifeni yombane, kufuneka ifumane idatha yekhompyutha ephezulu ngaphandle kokulayisha imeko, ukuze ulawulo lwayo lugqitywe ngokuthe ngqo xa kuphazamiseka ukufunyanwa kwedatha engenazingcingo. Kwi-node engenazingcingo efumana idatha, zonke ii-node zesiphelo ziguqulela imiyalelo yolawulo efunyenweyo kwiiparameter zolawulo lwe-node ngokwayo, kwaye azicubunguli imiyalelo engenazingcingo efunyenweyo kwinkqubo ephambili ye-node.
4 Ukulungisa iimpazamo kwi-Intanethi
Umyalelo okhulayo wekhowudi yomyalelo wezixhobo ezisisigxina ezikhutshwe yinkqubo yolawulo oluphakathi uthunyelwa kwi-MCU yeziko lolawulo nge-serial port yekhompyutha, nakwi-coordinator nge-interface yemigca emibini, uze uye kwi-ZigBee terminal node ngumququzeleli. Xa i-terminal node ifumana idatha, idatha ithunyelwa kwi-PC nge-serial port kwakhona. Kule PC, idatha efunyenwe yi-ZigBee terminal node ithelekiswa nedatha ethunyelwe yi-control center. Inkqubo yolawulo oluphakathi ithumela imiyalelo emi-2 rhoqo ngomzuzwana. Emva kweeyure ezi-5 zovavanyo, isoftware yovavanyo iyayeka xa ibonisa ukuba inani lilonke leepakethi ezifunyenweyo ziipakethi ezingama-36,000. Iziphumo zovavanyo lwesoftware yovavanyo lokudluliselwa kwedatha ye-multi-protocol ziboniswe kuMfanekiso 6. Inani leepakethi ezichanekileyo yi-36 000, inani leepakethi ezingalunganga yi-0, kwaye izinga lokuchaneka yi-100%.
Itekhnoloji yeZigBee isetyenziselwa ukufezekisa uthungelwano lwangaphakathi lwekhaya elikrelekrele, oluneengenelo zolawulo olukude olulula, ukongezwa okuguquguqukayo kwezixhobo ezintsha kunye nokusebenza kolawulo oluthembekileyo. Itekhnoloji yeRFTD isetyenziselwa ukuqonda ukuchongwa komsebenzisi kunye nokuphucula ukhuseleko lwenkqubo. Ngokufikelela kwimodyuli yeGSM, ulawulo olukude kunye nemisebenzi ye-alamu iyafezekiswa.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Jan-06-2022