Ingakanani iZigbee kunye neZ-Wave Wireless Communication ezinokufikelela kuyo?

Intshayelelo

Ukuqonda indlela egubungela ngayo ihlabathi lokwenyaniInyosi yeZigbeekwayeI-Z-Waveiinethiwekhi ze-mesh zibalulekile ekuyileni iinkqubo zekhaya ezikrelekrele ezinokuthenjwa. Nangona zombini ezi nkqubo zandisa uluhlu lonxibelelwano ngokusebenzisa iinethiwekhi ze-mesh, zazoiimpawu kunye nemida esebenzayozahlukile.
Esi sikhokelo sibonelela ngesishwankathelo esipheleleyo sezinto ezichaphazela uluhlu, ukusebenza okulindelweyo kokugubungela, kunye namaqhinga aqinisekisiweyo okuphucula ukuthembeka kwenethiwekhi - ukukunceda wakhe inethiwekhi yasekhaya ekrelekrele esebenza kakuhle nekwaziyo ukwandiswa.

1. Iziseko zeNethiwekhi yeMesh

Uthungelwano lwe-mesh lusisiseko sendlela iZigbee kunye ne-Z-Wave ezifikelela ngayo ekugutyungelweni kwekhaya lonke. Ngokungafaniyo neenkqubo zemveli zokukhomba indawo, uthungelwano lwe-mesh luvumela izixhobo ukuba zinxibelelane ngokubambisana, zenzeiindlela zedatha ezineendlela ezininzieziphucula ukuphindaphinda kwamanani kwaye zandisa uluhlu olupheleleyo.

Imigaqo esisiseko yeeNethiwekhi zeMesh

Iinethiwekhi ze-mesh zisebenza ngomgaqo wokubaisixhobo ngasinye sinokusebenza njengomthombo wedatha kunye nendawo yokudlulisela idathakwabanye. Olu lwakhiwo oluzilungiselelayo luvumela imiyalezo ukuba ifikelele kwindawo yayo ngeendlela ezininzi, iphucula ukunyamezela iimpazamo kwaye yandise ukufikelela kwenethiwekhi.

Iindidi zeeNode kunye neeNdima

Kuzo zombini iinkqubo zeZigbee kunye neZ-Wave, izixhobo zahlulwe ngokweendima zazo zenethiwekhi:

• Umququzeleli/uMlawuli:Ulawula inethiwekhi aze ayiqhagamshele kwiinkqubo zangaphandle.

• Izixhobo zeRouter:Dlulisa idatha kwezinye iindawo ngelixa zisenza imisebenzi yazo.

• Izixhobo Zokugqibela:Ngokwesiqhelo inamandla ebhetri kwaye ixhomekeke kwii-routers zonxibelelwano.

Unxibelelwano lweMulti-Hop

Inzuzo ephambili yeenethiwekhi ze-mesh ileleuthumelo lwe-multi-hop— idatha "inokutsiba" kwizixhobo ezahlukeneyo ukuze ifikelele kwindawo ekuyo. I-hop nganye idlula kumgca othe ngqo wokubona, kodwa ii-hops ezininzi kakhulu zonyusa ixesha lokubambezeleka kunye namanqaku okusilela. Enyanisweni, iinethiwekhi zisebenzisa ii-hops ezimbalwa kakhulu kune-theory maximum.

Amandla Okuziphilisa

Iinethiwekhi ze-mesh ziyakwazihlengahlengisa ngokuzenzekelayokwiinguqu zendalo, ezinje ngokusilela kwesixhobo okanye ukuphazamiseka. Xa indlela ekhethwayo ingafumaneki, inkqubo ifumana iindlela ezahlukeneyo kwaye ihlaziye iitafile zendlela. Olu phawu lokuziphilisa lubalulekile ekugcineni unxibelelwano oluzinzileyo kwiindawo eziguquguqukayo.

2. Iimpawu zoLuhlu lweeZigbee

IZigbee isebenza kwiIbhendi ye-ISM ye-2.4GHz, ngokusekelwe kwitekhnoloji engenazingcingo ye-IEEE 802.15.4. Ukuqonda indlela egutyungelwe ngayo ngokwenene kubalulekile ekucwangcisweni kwenethiwekhi okusebenzayo kunye nokubekwa kwesixhobo.

Ulindelo oluSebenzayo lokuGutyungelwa

Ukusebenza kukaZigbee ngokwethiyori kwahlukile kwiziphumo zehlabathi lokwenyani. Ucwangciso lwenethiwekhi kufuneka lusoloko luxhomekekeidatha yokugubungela esebenzayo.

• Uluhlu lwangaphakathi:Kwiindawo eziqhelekileyo zangaphakathi, uninzi lwezixhobo zabathengi beZigbee zibonelelauluhlu oluthembekileyo lweemitha ezili-10–20 (iinyawo ezingama-33–65)Iindonga kunye nefenitshala zinokufunxa okanye zibonise imiqondiso. Izicwangciso zomgangatho ezinkulu okanye ezintsonkothileyo zifuna ii-routers ezongezelelweyo.

• Uluhlu lwangaphandle:Kwiimeko ezivulekileyo nezingenazithintelo, iZigbee inokufikelelaIimitha ezingama-30–50 (iinyawo ezili-100–165)Izityalo, umhlaba, kunye nemozulu zinokunciphisa kakhulu ububanzi bezityalo.

• Umahluko weSithili:Ugutyungelwa lunokwahluka ngokuxhomekekeimida yamandla olawuloUmzekelo, imida yamandla okudlulisa amandla eYurophu iphantsi kuneyakweminye imimandla.

Inani leHop kunye nokwandiswa kwenethiwekhi

Ukuqonda imida ye-hop kaZigbee kubalulekile kwiinethiwekhi ezinkulu.

• Inani lethiyori vs. Real Hop:Nangona umgangatho weZigbee uvumela ukuya kuthi gaIi-hops ezingama-30, uninzi lweenkqubo zorhwebo luyikhawulela kwiUkutsiba oku-5–10ukuthembeka.

• Izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe ekusebenzeni:Ukutsiba kakhulu kungenisa ixesha lokubambezeleka kwaye kunciphisa ukuthembeka. Ukuphucula uyilo lwakho ukuzeukunciphisa ii-hopsKucetyiswa ukuba uhambe ngeendlela ezibalulekileyo.

Iimpawu zebhendi yeFrequency

Iimpawu zokusasazwa kwebhendi ye-2.4GHz zichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza.

• Ibhalansi yoSasazo:Ibonelela ngokulinganisela phakathi kokungena kunye ne-bandwidth, efanelekileyo kwii-applications ezininzi zekhaya ezikrelekrele.

• Ulawulo lokuphazamiseka:Ibhendi ye-2.4GHz ihambelana ne-Wi-Fi, i-Bluetooth, kunye nee-oveni ze-microwave.Iitshaneli ze-Wi-Fi ezingadibaniyo (1, 6, 11)inokunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwiZigbee.

3. Iimpawu zoLuhlu lwe-Z-Wave

I-Z-Wave isebenza kwi-Ibhendi ye-Sub-GHz(868 MHz eYurophu, 908 MHz eMntla Melika), kusetyenziswa uyilo olwahlukileyo lwe-mesh oluvela kwiZigbee. Ukuqonda la mahluko kubalulekile ukuze kuthelekiswe ngokuchanekileyo.

Iingenelo ze-Sub-GHz Band

Ukusebenza kwe-Z-Wave okune-frequency ephantsi kunika iingenelo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo:

• Ukungena Okuphezulu:Amaza aphantsi adlula eludongeni nakwiimigangatho ngempumelelo ngakumbi kunamaza aphezulu, nto leyo enika ukugquma okuqinileyo ngaphakathi.

• Uluhlu Olusebenzayo:Kwiindawo eziqhelekileyo zangaphakathi,Iimitha ezili-15–30 (iinyawo ezingama-50–100)kunokwenzeka; ngaphandle,Iimitha ezingama-50–100 (iinyawo ezili-165–330)phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo.

• Ukuphazamiseka okuphantsi:Ibhendi yeSub-GHz ijongene nokuxinana okuncinci xa ithelekiswa nespectrum ye-2.4GHz exineneyo, nto leyo eqinisekisa unxibelelwano oluzinzileyo nolude.

Uyilo lweNethiwekhi ye-Z-Wave

I-Z-Wave isebenzisa indlela eyahlukileyo ye-mesh echaphazela uluhlu kunye nokugubungela.

• Iifreyimu ze-Source Routing kunye ne-Explorer:I-Z-Wave yendabuko isebenzisa indlela yokuhambisa umthombo (umthumeli uchaza indlela epheleleyo), ngelixa ukuphunyezwa okutsha kwazisaIifreyimu zoMhloli, okuvumela ukufunyanwa kwendlela eguqukayo.

• Imida yeTopology:I-Z-Wave eqhelekileyo ixhasa ukuya kuthi ga kwiIi-hops ezi-4kwayeIzixhobo ezingama-232ngenethiwekhi nganye. Oku kugcina ukuhambelana kodwa kunokufuna iinethiwekhi ezininzi kwiindawo ezinkulu zokufakelwa.

• Uluhlu olude lwe-Z-Wave (LR):Ihlala ikho kunye ne-Z-Wave eqhelekileyo kunye neenkxasoukuya kuthi ga kwi-2 km ububanzikwayeIzixhobo ezingama-4,000, ijolise kwizicelo ze-IoT zorhwebo nezinkulu.

4. Izinto Ezichaphazela Ukugubungela Kwehlabathi Lokwenyani

Ukusebenza kweZigbee kunye neZ-Wave kuphenjelelwa ziimeko zokusingqongileyo kunye nezobugcisa. Ukuqonda oku kuyanceda ngeukulungiswa kunye nokusombulula iingxaki.

Izithintelo Zomzimba kunye Nezixhobo Zokwakha

Izakhiwo zendalo zichaphazela kakhulu ukusasazwa kweengcingo ezingenazingcingo.

• Izinto zodonga:Udonga olomileyo kunye nomthi azinalahleko ingako, ngelixa ikhonkrithi, izitena, kunye neplasta eqiniswe ngesinyithi zinokunciphisa kakhulu imiqondiso. Iifreyimu zesinyithi zinokuthintela ngokupheleleyo ukudluliselwa kwemitha.

• Ukungena emgangathweni:Ukusasazwa ngokuthe nkqo ngokusebenzisa umgangatho okanye isilingi kudla ngokuba nzima ngakumbi kunokusasazwa ngokuthe tye.

• Ifenitshala kunye nezixhobo:Ifenitshala enkulu yesinyithi okanye exineneyo inokwenza izithunzi zemiqondiso kunye neendawo zokubonakalisa.

Imithombo Yokuphazamisa kunye Nokunciphisa

Ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic kunokuchaphazela kakhulu ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi.

• Ukuhlalisana nge-Wi-Fi:Iinethiwekhi ze-Wi-Fi ze-2.4GHz zinokudibana neZigbee. Ukusebenzisa iitshaneli ze-Wi-Fi ezingadibaniyo (1, 6, 11) kunciphisa ingxabano.

• Izixhobo zeBluetooth:Ukusondela kakhulu kwee-Bluetooth transmitters kunokuphazamisa unxibelelwano lweZigbee ngexesha lomsebenzi ophezulu wedatha.

• Ii-oveni ze-microwave:Zisebenza kwi-2.45GHz, zinokubangela ukuqhawuka kweZigbee okwethutyana kufutshane.

5. Ucwangciso lweNethiwekhi kunye noVavanyo lokuGutyungelwa

Ucwangciso olusebenzayo lufunauhlalutyo lwendawo kunye nokuqinisekiswa kwentsimiukuthintela iingxaki zonxibelelwano kwixesha elizayo.

Uvavanyo lweNdawo kunye noCwangciso

Uvavanyo olupheleleyo lokusingqongileyo sisiseko sokugubungela okuqinileyo.

• Uhlalutyo lokugubungela:Chaza iindawo ezifunekayo, iintlobo zezixhobo, kunye nokukhula kwazo kwixesha elizayo — kuquka iigaraji, amagumbi angaphantsi komhlaba, kunye neendawo zangaphandle.

• Imephu Yemiqobo:Yenza iiplani zomgangatho eziphawula iindonga, ifenitshala, kunye nezakhiwo zesinyithi. Chonga iindlela zonxibelelwano ezineeleya ezininzi okanye ezikude.

• Uvavanyo lokuphazamiseka:Chonga imithombo yokuphazamiseka eqhubekayo okanye engapheliyo efana nezixhobo ze-Wi-Fi kunye neBluetooth.

Uvavanyo lokuGutyungelwa kwentsimi

Uvavanyo luqinisekisa ukuba ulungiselelo lwakho olucwangcisiweyo luhambelana nokusebenza kwehlabathi lokwenyani.

• Uvavanyo lweSixhobo ukuya kwiSixhobo:Qinisekisa uqhagamshelo kwiindawo zokufakela ezicwangcisiweyo, kwaye uchonge iindawo ezibuthathaka.

• Ukubeka iliso kumandla esignali:Sebenzisa izixhobo zolawulo lwenethiwekhi ukujonga iimetrikhi zesignali kunye nokuthembeka. Ii-hubs ezininzi zibonelela ngokuxilongwa kwenethiwekhi eyakhelwe ngaphakathi.

• Uvavanyo loxinzelelo:Lingisa iindawo ezixineneyo nezingenaziphazamiso (umz., imithombo emininzi ye-Wi-Fi) ukuze kuvavanywe ukuqina.

6. Amaqhinga okwandisa umgama

Xa inethiwekhi ye-mesh eqhelekileyo ingagubungeli yonke indawo, ezi ndlela zilandelayo zinokwandisa ububanzi kwaye ziphucule ukuthembeka.

Ukusasazwa kweSixhobo esiCwangcisiweyo

Ukusebenzisa izixhobo ze-router ngokufanelekileyo yeyona ndlela isebenzayo yokwandisa.

• Izixhobo zeRouter ezisebenza ngamandla:Iiplagi ezikrelekrele, iiswitshi, kunye nezinye iimveliso ezisebenza ngamandla zisebenza njengee-routers zokuqinisa iindawo ezibuthathaka.

• Abaphindaphindi abazinikeleyo:Abanye abavelisi banikezela ngee-repeaters ezilungiselelwe ngokukodwa ukwandiswa koluhlu.

• Izixhobo zeBridge:Kwizakhiwo ezinqamlezileyo okanye ezikude, iibhulorho ezinamandla aphezulu ezinee-antenna eziphuculweyo zifanelekile.

Ukuphuculwa kweTopology yeNethiwekhi

Ukuphucula i-topology kuphucula zombini ububanzi kunye nokuthembeka.

• Iindlela Ezingafunekiyo:Yila iindlela ezininzi zokuphucula ukunyamezela iimpazamo.

• Nciphisa Inani leHop:Ukutsiba okumbalwa kunciphisa umngcipheko wokulibaziseka kunye nokungaphumeleli.

• Ukulinganisela Umthwalo:Sabalalisa ithrafikhi ngokulinganayo kwii-routers ukuze uphephe iingxaki.

7. UkuBekwa esweni nasekuLungiseleleni ukusebenza

Ukubeka esweni nokugcinwa rhoqo kubalulekile ekugcineni impilo yenethiwekhi.

Ukubeka iliso kwiMpilo yeNethiwekhi

Landela ezi mpawu ukuze ubone ukonakala kwangethuba.

• Ukulandelela Amandla Esiginaliukuchonga unxibelelwano olubuthathaka.

• Uhlalutyo lokuthembeka koNxibelelwanoukufumana izixhobo ezingasebenzi kakuhle.

• Ukubeka iliso kwibhetriukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo — i-voltage ephantsi inokuchaphazela amandla okuhambisa.

Ukusombulula iingxaki zoluhlu

• Ukuchonga ukuphazamiseka:Sebenzisa ii-spectrum analyzers ukuze ufumane imithombo yokuphazamiseka.

• Ukuhlolwa kweMpilo yeSixhobo:Qinisekisa rhoqo ukusebenza kwehardware.

• Izixhobo zoLungiso lweNethiwekhi:Sebenzisa umsebenzi wokwenza ngcono ihabhu yakho rhoqo ukuze uhlaziye iitafile ze-routing.

8. Izinto Eziza Kuqwalaselwa Kwixesha Elizayo kunye Nophuhliso Lwetekhnoloji

Uthungelwano lwe-wireless mesh luyaqhubeka nokukhula, luchaza uluhlu kunye nokusebenzisana kwakhona.

Uguquko lweProtocol

• Ukuqhubela phambili kweZigbee:Iinguqulelo ezintsha zeZigbee ziphucula ukuxhathisa ukuphazamiseka, ukusebenza kakuhle kwendlela, kunye nokusebenza kwamandla.

• Uphuhliso lwe-Z-Wave:Uphuculo luquka amazinga aphezulu edatha, ukhuseleko oluqinileyo, kunye nezakhono eziphuculweyo ze-mesh.I-Z-Wave LRyandisa iimeko zokusetyenziswa kweeprojekthi ezinkulu zorhwebo.

Ukusebenzisana kunye nokudibanisa

Inkqubo yekhaya ekrelekrele iya phambiliintsebenziswano yetekhnoloji ezininzi.

• Inkqubo yeNdalo:I-Matter standard idibanisa iZigbee, iZ-Wave, kunye nezinye ngokusebenzisa ii-hubs ezihambelanayo — okuvumela ulawulo oludibeneyo ngaphandle kokudibanisa iiprotokholi.

• IiHubs zeProtokholi ezininzi:Abalawuli banamhlanje ngoku badibanisa ubuchwepheshe obuninzi, bedibanisa amandla eZigbee kunye neZ-Wave kwizisombululo ze-hybrid.

Isiphelo

ZombiniInyosi yeZigbeekwayeI-Z-Waveukubonelela ngonxibelelwano olungenazingcingo oluthembekileyo kumakhaya akrelekrele kunye neenkqubo ze-IoT.
Uluhlu lwabo olusebenzayo luxhomekekeiimeko zokusingqongileyo, icebo lokusasaza, kunye noyilo lwenethiwekhi.

• Inyosi yeZigbeeinika ukusebenza okukhawulezayo kunye nenkxaso ebanzi yenkqubo yendalo.

• I-Z-Waveibonelela ngokungena okuphezulu kunye nozinzo lwe-Sub-GHz olude.

Ngocwangciso olufanelekileyo, ukulungiswa kwe-topology, kunye nokuhlanganiswa kwe-hybrid, ungafikelela kuthungelwano olubanzi noluzinzileyo lwe-wireless olufanelekileyo kwiiprojekthi zokuhlala kunye nezorhwebo.